Can police press charges without proof?

Asked by: Ms. Marilou Turner MD  |  Last update: September 4, 2025
Score: 4.8/5 (41 votes)

They can charge someone if the evidence they collect amounts to probable cause to believe someone committed a crime. Even if the alleged victim says they don't want to press charges, the police could look elsewhere for evidence to form probable cause. Probable cause is a low standard of proof.

Can I press charges with no evidence?

A person may be charged based on the testimony of a witness or victim, even if there is no physical evidence. Testimony is evidence, even though it may not be tangible.

When can police press charges?

To press charges, an alleged crime must be committed. This can include lower-level misdemeanor crimes such as petty theft or driving under the influence. Higher-level felony crimes – usually defined as crimes punishable by more than one year in prison – include crimes such as assault, burglary or murder.

Can you be charged without a police report?

In the end it's not the police that press charges. It's the DA (or prosecutor). The prosecutor will, generally, need some kind of police report.

Can a cop refuse to press charges?

A: In California, the decision to press charges in a criminal case is ultimately made by the district attorney's office, not the police. While police officers gather evidence and may arrest individuals suspected of committing crimes, they do not have the authority to decide whether or not to press charges.

WHAT EVIDENCE DO POLICE NEED TO CHARGE SOMEONE?

30 related questions found

Can police charge you and not tell you?

Generally speaking, indictments are sealed until the person is arrested or arranges a surrender. If the DA doesn't know how to contact the person, there could be a warrant out for their arrest without them knowing they were indicted.

What happens if a victim doesn't press charges?

If a prosecutor believes a defendant poses a threat to public safety, they can proceed with charges even if the victim does not want to press charges. This decision prioritizes public safety over the victim's preferences and is common in cases involving serious crimes or repeat offenders.

How do you know if someone is pressing charges on you?

Police reports are public documents, and you have a right to read police reports about incidents you are alleged to have been involved in. If you are having charges pressed against you, they will be in the police report.

How do I know if I have been charged with a crime?

Requesting A Warrant Check

If you suspect you have been charged with a crime even though the police have not yet contacted you, you can ask your local police department to perform a warrant check. This will uncover any charges filed against you.

Can police accuse you without evidence?

You cannot be arrested without evidence. In order to be arrested for a criminal offense a police officer must have probable cause. Probable cause is a legal standard less than reasonable doubt.

What happens if there is no evidence in a case?

Without evidence, there is no criminal case and no conviction. There are many types of evidence that all seek to prove different things in cases. One commonly used form of evidence in criminal and other cases is circumstantial evidence. In fact, most of the evidence used in criminal cases is circumstantial.

How much evidence is needed to charge someone with harassment?

Testimonies from the accuser and witnesses are often considered the most reliable and impactful evidence. Audio or video recordings and photographs can also be used to provide evidence in a harassment case. Forensic evidence, such as emails and text messages, can be used if available.

Can someone sue you without evidence?

You can file a lawsuit without evidence in hand, but you do need to attest to your allegations and have a good faith basis for your claims. (There's a reason you see most allegations saying “upon information and belief.”)

Can you be charged with a crime without knowing?

Unfortunately, in most cases, ignorance of the law does not let you off the hook if you have committed a crime. You can still be charged for doing something illegal even if you did not know that it was illegal. If you have been charged with a crime, do not delay.

Can someone press charges without proof?

In general, you cannot be charged without evidence, but many people take this to mean physical evidence. In the absence of physical evidence, you can still receive drug charges if you had control over an illegal substance or had the intent to sell or distribute that substance, even if you did not physically possess it.

How do you know if a case is being built against you?

If if the state you refer to is in the US, you could try calling the local public defender's office for the county where the charges would likely be filed and see if they could run your name and find out if there's a case and/or a warrant out on you.

Can you sue after pressing charges?

Yes. You can file a police report (which hopefully results in criminal charges) and file a civil action to recover your loss at the same time. Check with your attorney on timing. It might be better to wait until after the criminal trial to file civil action, so you can use the evidence and testimony.

Why do cops ask if you want to press charges?

Once an individual reports a crime to the police, the police must determine whether a crime has actually been committed via probable cause and then arrest the offender. The prosecutor then decides whether to press charges; the cooperation of the individual who reported the crime is generally vital to this process.

What is the best defense against an assault charge?

Assault and Battery Defenses
  • Self-Defense. Self-defense is probably the most common defense used in assault and battery cases. ...
  • Defense of Others. The defense of others is like self-defense. ...
  • Defense of Property. ...
  • Consent. ...
  • False Accusations. ...
  • Misunderstandings and Lack of Evidence. ...
  • Reducing the Charges.

Can police charge me without evidence?

Can you be charged without evidence? There are some rare instances of individuals being charged with a crime without evidence, but it is an extremely rare occasion when it comes to the California Department of Justice. The police need to have probable cause in order to be able to charge a person with a crime.

Can you be handcuffed without being told why?

Yes, a police officer can handcuff you without reading your Miranda Rights. Reading these rights is not a requirement for all arrests, and the law does not require that a person have those rights read to them before or upon placing them under arrest.

Why do cops ask where you are going?

The real purpose is to seek what are called admissions to crimes and/statements against interest. If you are charged with a crime, these statements will almost certainly be used against you.