What are the grounds to oppose a trademark?

Asked by: Trent Macejkovic  |  Last update: April 27, 2026
Score: 4.3/5 (35 votes)

Grounds to oppose a trademark center on preventing consumer confusion, protecting famous marks from dilution, or arguing the mark shouldn't be registered at all, with common reasons including likelihood of confusion with existing marks, the mark being generic or merely descriptive, being fraudulently obtained, or violating other rules like being primarily a surname or deceptive, according to New York Trademark Lawyer, Cohn Legal, PLLC, and TM Law & Associates. Oppositions trigger legal proceedings, usually before the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTAB) of the USPTO, requiring strong evidence to prove the claim, say TM Law & Associates and Trademarkia.

What are the grounds for trademark opposition?

Additional grounds that may be asserted in an Opposition or Cancellation proceeding are (1) if the mark is merely a surname; (2) the application was not filed by the owner of the mark; (3) the mark was not yet in use in commerce at the time the application was filed; (4) failure to disclaim unregistrable matter; (5) ...

What are the grounds for refusal of trademarks?

Section 9: Under section 9 of the Trade Mark Act 1999, the absolute ground for Trademark refusal is defined. The trademark cannot be registered, if the marks: lacks any distinctive character. consists of elements that indicate the product's kind, quality, quantity, values, geographical origins.

How to oppose a trademark?

Any third-party may oppose the trademark application of another party. An opposition may be filed only when the subject application is published in the Official Gazette of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. The time to file an opposition is within 30 days of publication.

Why would a trademark be refused?

One of the most common reasons for refusal is the likelihood of confusion with an existing registered or pending mark. If your trademark is too similar in sound, appearance, or meaning to another mark used for related goods or services, the USPTO may reject it.

What are the grounds for Trademark Opposition | Trademark | Trademark Registration | IP Helpdesk

37 related questions found

How long do you have to oppose a trademark?

The opposition must be in writing and be filed within 30 days of the proposed mark's publication in the Official Gazette. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) may grant extensions of the 30-day period upon written request.

How often do trademarks get rejected?

According to the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), most applications for trademarks are successful. However, around 1-in-5 trademark applications get rejected annually. For those who spend significant time and resources applying for a trademark, that rejection ratio may seem shocking.

What is the burden of proof for trademark opposition?

As the opposer who filed the opposition, you bear the burden of proof. That means that opposers have the burden of proving their case. What must be proven, therefore, depends on the specific claims contained in the Notice of Opposition.

What are the objections to trademarks?

Trademark Objection Under Trademarks Act

The examiner may object to the trademark application if it violates the Act and rules. The objection raised by the examiner is known as trademark objection. The examiner raises trademark objection in the form of an examination report.

What is the rule 47 of trademark rules?

Under Rule 47 of the Trade Marks Rules, 2017, the opponents can file evidence in reply to rebut or to deal with the evidence filed by the applicants under Rule 46 and if the opponents do not file its reply under Rule 47, the Registrar of Trade Marks may consider that the averments made and documents relied upon by the ...

What are some of the reasons that the USPTO may give in denying an application for trademark registration of a website?

We have described 5 common reasons for refusal of trademark applications below.

  • 1) Likelihood of Confusion. ...
  • 2) Merely Descriptive and Deceptively Misdescriptive. ...
  • 3) Primarily Geographically Descriptive and Primarily Geographically Deceptively Misdescriptive. ...
  • 4) Primarily Merely a Surname. ...
  • 5) Ornamentation.

What happens when someone opposes your trademark?

Opposition: If someone opposes, a legal proceeding ensues before the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTAB), potentially adding months or years to the process. Registration: If no opposition is filed, or if you prevail in an opposition, your mark registers. This usually occurs about 3 months after publication.

Can you lose a trademark if you don't defend it?

You Risk Losing Your Trademark Entirely

One of the most damaging outcomes of inaction is trademark abandonment. This happens when a court or agency decides that you didn't protect or use your mark properly. Once that happens, your legal ownership ends. There's also a risk of genericide.

What are absolute grounds of refusal?

Absolute grounds pertain to the inherent characteristics of the mark itself, such as distinctiveness, descriptiveness, and public policy considerations. Marks that lack distinctiveness or are purely descriptive of the goods or services will likely face rejection.

How much does it cost to file a trademark opposition?

Cost of filing notice of opposition

Filing a notice of opposition costs $600 per class when filed electronically and $700 per class for paper submissions (allowed only in limited circumstances). It's important to note that the TTAB charges this fee per class of goods or services.

How long is the opposition period?

The opposition period runs from the publication date of the Journal. Then there is a two month period in which anybody may make observations on its acceptance or oppose its registration. This period can be extended to three months by anyone who is considering opposing the registration of your mark.

What are the four objections?

This is unfortunate because nearly all sales objections come down to one of these four things: need, urgency, trust and money.

What is the most common reason a trademark might be rejected?

If your trademark is confusingly similar to another trademark and the goods and services are related, consumers are likely to mistakenly believe these goods or services come from the same source. This is known as a likelihood of confusion, and it's the most common reason for refusing registration.

What are the grounds for refusal of TM?

The absolute grounds for refusal of trademark application in India inter alia includes that the trademark is devoid of any distinctive character, trademark consists of marks which designate the kind, quality, quantity values, geographical origins or time or production of the goods or services or the trademark is such ...

What are four defenses to a trademark infringement claim?

4 Defenses to Trademark Infringement

  • No Confusion. A common factor in the defenses against infringement requires showing that there is no possibility of confusion for consumers. ...
  • Mark Does Not Infringe. ...
  • Service/Product/Brand Differentiation. ...
  • Location Location Location.

How to oppose the trademark?

Section 21 of the Trademarks Act, 1999 says that “any person” who wants to oppose a trademark application can do so by filing a Notice of Opposition on the prescribed form along with the prescribed fee. The party who files the notice of opposition is referred to as the Opponent.

How long does someone have to oppose a trademark?

Within 30 days of the publishing date, anyone who believes their business will be harmed if we register your trademark may file an objection (or “opposition”). An opposition is similar to a federal court proceeding, but is held before the TTAB, a panel of administrative judges who review and decide these matters.

What is the most ridiculous patent granted?

There's no single "most ridiculous" patent, as absurdity is subjective, but popular contenders include the "Bells on Rats" (luring rats to wear bells to alert you), a centrifugal force birthing apparatus, a fire escape suit with wings, and the "Banana Protective Device" (a hard plastic case for a single banana). Other contenders involve impractical ideas like self-kicking exercise machines, a skull-shaped device for ghostly confessions, and even a laser pointer for exercising cats, demonstrating a wide range of peculiar and impractical inventions throughout history. 

What is the lifespan of a trade mark?

What is the Lifespan of a Trade Mark? A registered trade mark can be protected forever, provided it is renewed every ten (10) years upon payment of the prescribed renewal fee.

Do you get your money back if your trademark is denied?

For example, in the United States, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) does not refund application fees for rejected trademark applications.