Are public defenders overworked and underpaid?

Asked by: Gene Graham  |  Last update: July 14, 2025
Score: 4.1/5 (73 votes)

Because public defenders are overworked and underpaid, it creates problems for the accused, including: Exorbitant trial delays — Roughly 500,000 pre-trial detainees sit in jail, some for years, before being found guilty of any crime.

Why are public defenders so overworked?

The National Public Defense Workload Study, which looked at the 50-year-old guidelines that are used to estimate the maximum number of cases that defense attorneys should handle, found that the commonly used standards are out of date and inapplicable today, in part because cases now tend to involve complex forensic ...

What is the average caseload for a public defender?

Current standards may overload lawyers

The NAC standards estimate that public defenders can handle a maximum of 150 felony cases per year; 400 misdemeanor cases; 200 mental health cases; 200 juvenile cases; or 25 appeals per year.

What are the downsides of a public defender?

Cons of Public Defender Offices
  • Lack of options: You don't get to choose the Assistant Public Defender. ...
  • Overworked: Unfortunately, Assistant Public Defenders are severely overworked by a never-ending caseload. ...
  • Limitations of Choice: Public defenders do not necessarily get to approve or deny what cases they work on.

Why are public defenders quitting?

But the demand for public defenders keeps rising and public defenders are leaving their positions, in record numbers, due to burnout, low wages, staggering workloads and crippling student debt.

Public Defenders Overworked and Underpaid

26 related questions found

Why do people not like public defenders?

Public defenders are often overworked

Beyond that, they may lack personal experience with the specific type of offense that someone faces. Those who hire their own defense attorneys receive one-on-one attention from their defense lawyer.

Do public defenders get paid if they lose?

Public defenders are generally government employees and receive a salary just like any other employee. Winning or losing a case isn't (generally - there are of course exceptions here where a lawyer might get parts of a settlement, etc.

How often do public defenders win cases?

In both Federal and large State courts, conviction rates were the same for defendants represented by publicly financed and private attorneys. Approximately 9 in 10 Federal defen- dants and 3 in 4 State defendants in the 75 largest counties were found guilty, regardless of type of attorney.

What if I don't like my public defender?

In California, you do have a right to make a motion if there is an extreme conflict with the attorney, but otherwise, the Public Defender's office can assign anyone they choose to your case. Just because you have the right make the motion to the court does not mean that the court will agree with you.

How much do public defenders make compared to private lawyers?

The average entry-level salary for a prosecuting attorney is $51,100, for public defenders it is $50,400 compared with private defense lawyers whose starting salaries average $118, 660.

Who pays a public defenders salary?

Public defenders are paid by the government, but they work for you. Many criminal defendants are legally indigent, meaning they can't afford to pay for an attorney. (The definition of indigency varies by state and, sometimes, city or county.)

What is the income limit for a public defender?

This amount changes each year, but for 2021, they are as follows (to get your max allowable income to qualify, choose the line below that represents your situation and multiply that dollar amount by 1.25 or 125%): $12,880 for individuals. $17,420 for a family of 2. $21,960 for a family of 3.

What if my public defender is not doing his job?

A public defender has the same obligations to represent a client as an attorney you may hire. If the public defender is not doing his job, you could always hire your own attorney. Otherwise, you husband could bring the matter to the attention of the court arguing that he is receiving ineffective assistance of counsel.

Who most benefits from public defenders?

Final answer: Defendants who cannot afford their own counsel most benefit from public defenders. They ensure that the constitutional right to legal representation is upheld. However, challenges such as high caseloads can hinder the effectiveness of the defense provided.

Can a public defender get charges dropped?

However, your public defender can advocate for your interests by presenting evidence and arguments in court to challenge the charges against you. This may include filing motions to suppress evidence or dismiss charges if there are legal grounds to do so.

What is a potential downside relying on a public defender?

The most common complaint that we hear is that public defenders have a tremendous workload of cases and it's a volume business. Since they have so many assigned clients, even the best public defender doesn't have as much time as they'd like to spend on each individual case.

Can you sue a public defender?

MOST MALPRACTICE SUITS AGAINST PUBLIC DEFENDERS HAVE BEEN INSTITUTED IN FEDERAL COURT UNDER THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1871, 42 U.S.C. 1983. THE COURTS HAVE UNIVERSALLY DISMISSED THE CASES, USUALLY NOTING THAT PUBLIC DEFENDERS AND COURT-APPOINTED ATTORNEYS DO NOT ACT 'UNDER COLOR OF LAW' FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 1983.

Why is being a public defender hard?

Large caseloads

Since public defenders work for the state, they take on much larger caseloads than other lawyers. In some cases, this can lead to stress and burnout.

What are some disadvantages of the public defender system?

The most important disadvantage of working with a public defender is that you aren't given a choice of legal representation. The court appoints an available public defender. If you're unhappy with the public defender's performance, it's probably going to be difficult to get a new public defender.

Has a public defender ever won?

You can have a successful case with a public defender and even win, but your chances are better with a private attorney who has the time, resources, and experience to devote to your case.

Can public defenders turn down cases?

These lawyers are appointed to represent defendants who cannot afford private counsel. A public defender generally cannot refuse a case simply because they dislike it or find it challenging. In rare circumstances, a public defender might be justified in stepping away from a case.

Where do public defenders make the most money?

Highest paying cities for Public Defenders near United States
  • Albuquerque, NM. $103,389 per year. 31 salaries reported.
  • Chicago, IL. $102,046 per year.
  • Muskegon, MI. $93,235 per year. 20 salaries reported.
  • Albany, NY. $93,123 per year. 7 salaries reported.
  • Roswell, NM. $89,958 per year. 17 salaries reported.
  • Show more nearby cities.

What happens if you can't afford a lawyer?

When a court decides someone is "indigent" - with few assets and no funds to pay an attorney - generally either a private lawyer will be appointed by the court and paid with county funds, or a public defender program will be appointed to represent the person.

Are public defenders understaffed?

Things have become so bad in places like Fresno, CA, that lawsuits are being filed by the ACLU against the County, claiming that the offices are so understaffed that they cannot provide effective representation.