Can I sue someone if I don't have money?

Asked by: Prof. Margaretta Hartmann PhD  |  Last update: March 24, 2026
Score: 4.9/5 (30 votes)

Yes, you can sue someone without money by using options like fee waivers for court costs, seeking pro bono or legal aid lawyers for low-income individuals (like through the Legal Services Corporation), pursuing small claims court (which is cheaper), or finding litigation funding/settlement loans, but collecting from a defendant with no assets can be difficult ("judgment proof"). Insurance policies (like auto or homeowner's) are often a primary source of payment for successful claims.

Can I get sued if I have no money?

Creditors can sue, but if you truly have no income, no car, no property, and live with your parents -- then you're basically what's called ``judgment proof.'' That means they could win the case, but they can't really collect anything from you right now.

Is it worth suing someone for $500?

Suing for $500 can be "worth it" in small claims court if costs and time are low, but often it's not worth it due to filing fees (tens to hundreds of dollars) and the opportunity cost of your time, which can quickly outweigh the $500, especially since a judgment doesn't guarantee payment; consider if the other party will pay easily or if the hassle outweighs the gain. 

Can I sue someone for $1?

Nominal damages are frequently just $1, or some other very small sum of money. Nominal damages are awarded when you have proven a violation of your rights, but you have not shown any actual harm that can be compensated. You are most likely to win a significant amount of money if you suffered an actual physical injury.

What money is protected from lawsuits?

Assets That May Be Protected

Annuities, if the beneficiary is a spouse, child, or a trust for a spouse's or child's benefit. Retirement plans such as IRAs, 401(k)s, pension plans, profit sharing plans and similar plans.

What You should do if Someone Sues You

40 related questions found

What assets cannot be touched in a lawsuit?

Unless you take steps to protect them, most assets are not protected in a lawsuit. One of the few exceptions to this is your employer-sponsored IRA, 401(k), or another retirement account.

Do you have to pay money if you get sued?

Once a lawsuit results in a money judgment, the winning party may pursue compensation through judgment debtors. If the debtor refuses to pay, a collection agency may use collection techniques, including wage executions, bank deposit levies, or installment payments, to enforce repayment and recover the unpaid judgment.

What is the minimum debt to be sued?

In short: Debt collectors typically start considering lawsuits for amounts around $1,000 to $5,000, but there's no strict rule. If your debt is within that range, or if you've ignored collection calls or letters, you could be at risk of being sued.

Can you sue someone if they owe you $100?

Yes, you can sue someone who owes you money if you have clear proof of the debt and the amount falls within your state's small claims court limits. You'll need to file a complaint, serve the defendant, and present evidence in court.

Did Taylor Swift sue someone for $1?

Swift counter-sued Mueller for assault and battery. The amount of damages she was seeking was $1 – her purpose was to prove a point. And prove a point she did. On August 14th, a jury ruled in Swift's favor, agreeing that Mueller had assaulted her and they awarded her $1.

What happens if someone sues you and you're broke?

If you're sued with no money, the plaintiff (person suing) can still get a judgment, but collecting is hard; you might be declared "judgment proof" (unable to pay), meaning they can't take basic necessities, but they can place liens on future property or collect if your financial situation improves, potentially using wage garnishment or bank levies, though you can claim exemptions for essentials. Key steps are responding to the suit (or risk default), seeking free legal aid, exploring payment plans, and understanding you're exempt from some collection efforts like basic needs seizure. 

How much does it usually cost to sue?

Average lawsuit costs vary dramatically, from around $1,000-$5,000 for small claims to tens or even hundreds of thousands for complex civil cases, with median costs for typical matters like auto or employment disputes ranging from $43,000 to over $122,000, depending heavily on complexity, case type, attorney fees (often hourly or contingency), and expert witness involvement. 

What are good reasons to sue?

Some common damages you can sue someone for includes:

  • Medical bills for hospital care and physical therapy.
  • Lost wages when injuries prevent you from working.
  • Property damage from car accidents or slip and fall incidents.
  • Emotional distress claims related to pain or trauma.
  • Non economic damages for loss of quality of life.

What happens if you just ignore someone suing you?

If you don't respond to a lawsuit, the plaintiff (the person suing you) can get a default judgment, meaning the court accepts their claims as true and can order you to pay or give them what they asked for, with no input from you; this often leads to wage garnishment, bank levies, or property seizure, making it very hard to fight later. It's crucial to file a formal response, like an "Answer," within the deadline (often 20-35 days) to at least notify the court you're defending yourself, even if you can't afford a lawyer.
 

Is it worth it to sue someone?

Suing can be worth it for accountability, to recover significant damages (like medical bills, lost wages, property damage), or when dealing with unfair insurance companies, but it's often costly, time-consuming (months to years), and emotionally draining, with no guarantee of winning. The decision hinges on proving clear damages, the defendant's ability to pay (a "judgment-proof" individual yields nothing), and whether the potential recovery outweighs legal fees, stress, and delays, with settlement often being the best outcome.
 

How to survive being sued?

How To Emotionally Survive a Lawsuit

  1. Understanding the Emotional Impact of a Lawsuit.
  2. Seeking Emotional Support.
  3. Maintaining Perspective and Realistic Expectations.
  4. Engaging in Self-Care Practices.
  5. Managing Financial Stress.
  6. Communicating Effectively With Your Legal Team.
  7. Educating Yourself About the Legal Process.

What happens if you sue someone with little money?

In California, a person's financial status does not remove their legal responsibility. If someone harms you, breaks a contract, or causes financial loss, you have the right to take legal action—regardless of whether they can pay. A successful lawsuit means the court agrees that the other party is liable.

Can you take someone to court for $300?

To qualify for small claims court, you must be claiming $15,000 or less. However, some types of claims can't be heard in small claims court even if they're under this limit (for example, a claim concerning a lease for an apartment).

What are the three things you need for a lawsuit?

Having standing requires a clear connection between the harm suffered and the party being sued. The court must identify a specific injury, a direct cause, and a possible legal remedy.

How much money is enough to sue?

You don't need a fixed amount of money to start a lawsuit, but costs vary widely, from under $100 for small claims court filing fees to tens or hundreds of thousands for complex cases with lawyers, with personal injury often using "no win, no fee" (contingency) arrangements where you pay a percentage (30-40%) if you win. Initial out-of-pocket expenses (filing fees, retainers) can range from under $100 to several thousand dollars, depending on court, case type, and lawyer. 

What is the lowest amount a person can sue for?

There's no universal minimum amount to file a lawsuit; it depends on the court (Small Claims vs. Civil/Superior), but generally, small claims courts handle disputes for smaller amounts (e.g., up to $5,000 - $12,500 depending on the state, like California or Oregon), while larger sums go to civil court, with federal courts requiring over $75,000 for diversity cases. You file in small claims for simplicity and lower cost, but you must stay within that court's monetary limit, with some exceptions like landlord-tenant security deposits having no limit in some areas. 

Can I get sued for $500?

Yes, a collector can legally sue you for a $500 debt, but they rarely do because the costs often outweigh the benefits. Legally, there's no minimum amount required to file a lawsuit, so $500 qualifies if it's past due and validated.

What happens if someone sues you but you're broke?

If you're sued with no money, the plaintiff (person suing) can still get a judgment, but collecting is hard; you might be declared "judgment proof" (unable to pay), meaning they can't take basic necessities, but they can place liens on future property or collect if your financial situation improves, potentially using wage garnishment or bank levies, though you can claim exemptions for essentials. Key steps are responding to the suit (or risk default), seeking free legal aid, exploring payment plans, and understanding you're exempt from some collection efforts like basic needs seizure. 

Who gets paid first in a lawsuit?

Generally, attorney fees and medical liens are paid first, and then the remaining amount goes to you. However, the process involves several legal steps, paperwork, and strategic negotiations before you see your share. Understanding this order of payments is crucial for planning your finances after a settlement.

How much does it typically cost to sue someone?

The cost to sue someone varies wildly, from a few hundred dollars for small claims (filing fees) to $10,000 - $100,000+ for complex civil cases, depending on lawyer fees, court costs, expert witnesses, and case duration, though many personal injury cases use contingency fees (you pay a percentage only if you win). Factors like case complexity, lawyer's experience, location, and whether you need experts heavily influence costs, with small claims being simpler and cheaper than full civil litigation.