Can you be fired during an EEOC investigation?

Asked by: Imani Nikolaus  |  Last update: September 16, 2025
Score: 4.2/5 (58 votes)

No. When you file a job discrimination complaint with the EEOC or otherwise participate in an EEOC investigation or lawsuit, you are protected against retaliation regardless of the validity or reasonableness of the original allegation of discrimination.

How does an EEOC complaint hurt an employer?

If the employer declined EEOC mediation, the case may proceed to litigation, increasing risks and potential costs. If found guilty, employers might face significant financial penalties, including back pay and legal costs. Understanding these potential outcomes underscores the importance of a well-handled defense.

How long does an EEOC investigation last?

How long the investigation takes depends on many factors, including the amount of information that needs to be gathered and analyzed. On average, we take approximately 10 months to investigate a charge. We are often able to settle a charge faster through mediation (usually in less than 3 months).

Can you get fired during an HR investigation?

You must be given access to the information that is being used against you during the investigation. You must be protected from all retaliatory action including job termination as long as there is no evidence of wrongdoing against you.

What happens when the EEOC determines that an employer is guilty?

When the EEOC finds an employer guilty, they may attempt conciliation to negotiate changes in procedures and remedies for those affected; if unsuccessful, the victim may file a lawsuit or request the EEOC to file one on their behalf.

Evidence to Advance an EEOC Claim- Tips for Employees

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What are the odds of winning an EEOC case?

Q: What Are the Chances of Winning an EEOC Case? A: The EEOC has a very high success rate when it comes to court decisions, reaching favorable outcomes in nearly 96% of all district court cases stemming from EEOC complaints.

What does EEOC do during investigation?

During the investigation, the Respondent and the Charging Party will be asked to provide information. The EEOC investigator will evaluate the information submitted and make a recommendation as to whether there is reasonable cause to believe that unlawful discrimination has taken place.

What not to say to HR during an investigation?

Phrases to Avoid and Why
  • “I'm not sure, but…” Speculating or making assumptions can muddle the facts, leading to misunderstandings. ...
  • “It's always been done this way”: This defense can imply resistance to change or justify inappropriate behavior based on tradition, which doesn't hold up under scrutiny.

What makes a strong retaliation case?

What Makes a Strong Retaliation Case? A strong retaliation case has clear evidence linking an employee's protected action, like reporting harassment, to an adverse reaction from the employer. Demonstrating this connection can lead to a successful retaliation settlement.

Can HR fire you without evidence?

At-will employment in California

At-will employment allows employers to fire employees without needing to provide a reason or proof. This means that HR can terminate your job at any time, for any reason at all, or even for no reason.

What is the maximum EEOC settlement?

When it comes to California discrimination lawsuits, the potential payout varies greatly depending on the company's size. Take small businesses with fewer than 100 employees - they're looking at a maximum payout of $50,000. But scale up to 101-200 employees, and that number jumps to $100,000.

What happens if EEOC finds a reasonable cause?

If the EEOC investigation reveals discrimination, we issue a "Letter of Determination" to you and your employer that explains our finding. EEOC then works with both of you to resolve the situation. If you agree to a solution, you will be asked to waive your right to go to court.

What are two examples of unfair treatment in the workplace?

Examples of unfair labor practices in the workplace include denying benefits or promotions to specific employees, discriminating against older workers, unequal pay, and many others. Discrimination is not only morally wrong; it is also illegal. You do not have to accept unfair labor practices at your job.

What makes a strong EEOC case?

The EEOC bases its investigations on the facts presented by the employee. Without strong evidence, even legitimate claims may be dismissed. A compelling case demonstrates the actions taken against you, provides context, and establishes a clear connection to discrimination or retaliation.

What happens if you lose an EEOC claim?

In cases where the EEOC concludes that there is insufficient evidence, it will close the topic and issue a “NOTICE OF RIGHT TO SUE.” This notice grants you the option to initiate your own lawsuit within 90 days, and should you choose to do so, it will be at your own expense.

What is the burden of proof for an EEO complaint?

The burden is on you to prove through relevant and material evidence that the agency discriminated against you and are entitled to certain relief.

How much is a retaliation suit worth?

In California, how much a retaliation case is worth depends on if the case is settled in or outside of court. Cases that settle outside of court can expect approximately $5,000 – $100,000. Cases that receive a winning court verdict can expect approximately $150,000 – $1,000,000.

How do you prove you were fired for retaliation?

To prove retaliation, you must establish a causal connection between your protected activity and the adverse action taken by your employer. Provide evidence showing that the adverse action occurred shortly after you engaged in protected activity, demonstrating a direct link between the two events.

What words scare human resources?

Words like "harassment," "discrimination," and "lawsuit" are heavily loaded with legal implications, which can put HR on high alert. By using descriptive, neutral language, you can convey your concerns without triggering a defensive reaction.

Do HR investigations lead to termination?

In most HR investigations, no serious disciplinary actions are called for in the end. It generally takes a lot of solid evidence to lead to something like an immediate termination or demotion, for example.

What can HR legally say about you?

Employers cannot make statements that are malicious in any way. They cannot provide unsolicited information about you or your job performance. They cannot make statements about your beliefs, such as politics or religion, or make statements about your union activities.

Can I bring a lawyer to an HR meeting?

You can bring a lawyer to an HR meeting in the United States if you meet the following four criteria: You are part of a labor union; and. You are meeting with HR because they want to question you as part of an investigation; and. You reasonably believe you may be disciplined because of the investigation; and.

How long does a typical EEOC investigation last?

An EEOC Investigation Can Last Up to Ten Months Before the EEOC Issues a Notice of the Right to Sue. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is the federal agency that handles employment discrimination and sexual harassment charges.

What is the average EEOC settlement amount?

What is the Average Settlement for a Discrimination or Retaliation Claim? Based on data from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), the typical settlement amount for employment discrimination claims stands around $40,000.

What to ask for in an EEOC settlement?

The following is a breakdown of key points that influence discrimination settlement amounts.
  • Lost Wages and Benefits. ...
  • Emotional Distress and Mental Anguish. ...
  • Legal Fees and Court Costs. ...
  • Punitive Damages. ...
  • Job Reinstatement or Policy Changes. ...
  • Understand Your Worth. ...
  • Gather Strong Evidence. ...
  • Be Ready to Compromise.