Do I need a lawyer if I get a subpoena?

Asked by: Jaclyn Hoppe V  |  Last update: November 10, 2025
Score: 4.5/5 (65 votes)

In most cases, a subpoenaed witness will likely not need the assistance of an attorney. However, in certain cases, the witness may be subjecting himself to criminal liability by appearing and testifying under oath.

Do I need a lawyer if I'm being subpoenaed?

You don't generally need an attorney to comply with a subpoena, unless anything you revealed could either harm you in some way, harm your business (eg don't reveal any trade secrets without an attorney requesting that info be kept confidential), or would benefit a party you don't want to help.

What to do when you receive a subpoena?

If you got a subpoena, you are required to go to the trial. You are also required to answer all questions truthfully. You are not required to give additional details when they ask you a question. Give only the answer to the question.

What are reasons to get out of a subpoena?

Valid objections would include the following:
  • The subpoena did not give the statutory amount of time to respond.
  • You need more time to respond.
  • The subpoena was issued to an incorrectly named entity.
  • The request was overly broad and unduly burdensome.
  • The request would require the production of trade secrets.

Does a subpoena mean you are in trouble?

A subpoena is a court order to come to court. If you ignore the order, the court will hold you in contempt. You could go to jail or face a large fine for ignoring the subpoena. subpoenas are used in both criminal and civil cases.

What do I do if I receive a subpoena for court?

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Can I reject a subpoena?

Failure to respond to a subpoena is punishable as contempt by either the court or agency issuing the subpoena. Punishment may include monetary sanctions (even imprisonment although extremely unlikely).

Does a witness need a lawyer?

If you're a witness in a criminal trial either the prosecution or the defense lawyer or both will contact, you. You are not indicted, you will not need legal representation but they will want to know what you saw.

How do I protect myself from a subpoena?

6 Ways to Protect Yourself After Receiving a Federal Grand Jury Subpoena
  1. Making Contact with the U.S. Attorney's Office. ...
  2. Filing a Motion to Quash. ...
  3. Thoroughly Preparing Your Testimony or Document Production (or Both) ...
  4. Asserting the Attorney-Client Privilege. ...
  5. Asserting the Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-Incrimination.

What happens if you refuse to testify after being subpoenaed?

A witness must be personally served with a subpoena for it to be considered valid under California law. If a witness doesn't appear in court after being personally served with a subpoena, they could be arrested for contempt of court.

How long do subpoenas last?

If it is a subpoena as distinguished from a case starting summons and complaint, a subpoena expires on its return date. But a summons is good for 90 days after the starting of the law suit and can be served alternatively to in hand service.

How much does a subpoena cost?

According to the California Department of Industrial Relations, a witness subpoenaed is entitled to a witness fee of $35 for each day's court appearance and a mileage fee of 20 cents per mile to cover their travel expenses.

How do I get excused from a subpoena?

Choosing to try and avoid a subpoena is not an easy process. The person will need to hire an attorney, pay attorney fees in most cases, and will need to prepare a motion. If the motion fails, or if there are other reasons that a party may need the person to testify, they may not be excused.

What are the three types of subpoenas?

Three common types of subpoena are – Subpoena duces tecum, deposition subpoena, and witness subpoena.

What to do if you are served with a subpoena?

When you're properly served with a subpoena, you still might wish to seek legal advice. You may benefit from the advice of an attorney if you are requested to testify about or bring certain information or documents you believe are personal or private. You may have some information or documents that are privileged.

Can you plead the fifth if you are subpoenaed?

Yes. The Supreme Court has held that the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination is available to recipients of congressional subpoenas.

How to prove you were not served properly?

Surveillance: You can provide surveillance footage showing you were not served at the alleged date or that the service was improper. Mail Records: If there's no mail delivered to you or if you haven't signed the receipt. It can indicate improper service.

Is ignoring a subpoena a felony?

Disobeying a subpoena may also be punished with a contempt charge under California Penal Code § 1331. The maximum punishment for a misdemeanor contempt charge in California is generally 6 months in the county jail, a $1000 fine, or both.

Can you hide from a subpoena?

If you ignore the subpoena, not only is this likely to raise questions as to why you have chosen not to respond as required, but it could also lead to being held in contempt of court.

Can I decline being a witness?

If you receive a subpoena and do not want to testify in court, you can plead the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The Fifth Amendment gives you the right against self-incrimination. This allows you to refuse to answer questions or provide testimony that could incriminate you.

Does a subpoena mean I'm in trouble?

A subpoena is not an automatic indictment, but the government wants you to believe you're guilty so you cave in. Prosecutors chase convictions under United States v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974), which confirmed how subpoenas can pry into almost anything.

How do I refuse a subpoena?

A motion to quash a subpoena may be filed if someone believes that it was not issued legally. Such a motion generally means that the subject of the subpoena can refuse to comply with it until the court has made a decision on the motion.

Can you remain silent if subpoenaed?

If you are subpoenaed to testify, there is no need to expressly invoke the privilege against self-incrimination. You can hire a lawyer who can invoke your rights on your behalf. The Supreme Court held that it is not difficult for a defendant to say they are not answering questions on Fifth Amendment grounds.

What happens when you get a subpoena and don't go?

Failure to respond to a subpoena is punishable as contempt by either the court or agency issuing the subpoena. Punishment may include monetary sanctions (even imprisonment although extremely unlikely).

What disqualifies a witness?

Spousal privilege, doctor/patient privilege, attorney/client privilege, clergy/penitent privilege executive privilege and other protected relationships which might disqualify people from testifying in some cases. There can be conflicts of interest issues which would render a witness a poor choice to use.

What happens if the victim doesn't show up to court?

Subpoena the Victim

If the victim fails to comply, they could face legal consequences, such as fines or even arrest. It is not unheard of for the sheriff to drag an unwilling victim into court.