How far does a federal background check go?
Asked by: Lysanne Abbott V | Last update: February 21, 2026Score: 4.3/5 (61 votes)
A federal background check typically looks back seven years for most records (arrests, civil judgments, tax liens), while bankruptcies can go back ten years, and criminal convictions can appear indefinitely, though this varies by role, state laws, and if the employer conducts the check themselves, potentially extending far beyond seven years for sensitive positions like security clearances requiring SF-86 forms.
How far back can a federal background check go?
In states like California, criminal background checks go back seven years. However, some states allow a deeper look into your past if the job pays a higher salary (usually over $75,000). Some government jobs or jobs with access to sensitive information may allow - even require - background checks further.
What shows up on a federal background check?
The FBI background check will include a comprehensive criminal record check against the FBI's national database, which will include arrest and conviction history, as well as traffic violations and even parking tickets.
How deep are government background checks?
The minimum investigation required for a Low-Risk position is the National Agency Check with Inquiries (NACI), which entails a National Agency Check, law enforcement check, records search, credit check, and written inquiries of pervious/current employers, education, residence, and references.
What will fail a federal background check?
Federal employment background checks disqualify candidates for issues like serious criminal history (especially felonies, treason, espionage), dishonesty (lying on applications), financial irresponsibility (major debt, loan defaults, tax issues), recent illegal drug use, and sometimes concerning foreign contacts or mental health conditions that affect job performance, with specific bans for severe offenses like domestic violence (affecting firearm possession) or terrorism. Disqualification depends on the job's sensitivity, with some crimes leading to permanent bans, while others are reviewed case-by-case.
How Far Back Does Federal Background Check Go? - CountyOffice.org
What will disqualify you from federal employment?
Federal employment disqualifiers often involve dishonesty on applications, serious criminal history (especially recent felonies, DUIs, or drug offenses), significant financial mismanagement, or current illegal drug use, but decisions are made case-by-case using the "whole person concept," weighing negative factors against mitigating circumstances like rehabilitation or honesty. Specific roles have stricter rules, but common red flags include falsifying documents, recent major crimes (like fraud, kidnapping, assault), severe financial distress (delinquent taxes, loans), and ongoing substance abuse.
What is the hardest background check to pass?
The hardest background checks are typically US government security clearances (especially Top Secret/SCI) and those for high-level law enforcement, involving deep dives into criminal, financial (credit), employment, and personal history (interviews with associates) via extensive forms like the SF-86, far exceeding standard employment screening. These checks scrutinize all life aspects for integrity, reliability, and potential security risks, often requiring disclosure of past drug use, financial issues, and undisclosed criminal records, making them incredibly difficult to pass if issues exist.
What's the difference between a background check and a federal background check?
The Key Differences Between Federal Background Checks and County or State Searches. The most important difference between federal criminal background checks and county or state searches is the scope of the search. Federal background checks are limited to federal crimes and courts.
What will disqualify you on a background check?
Disqualifying offenses in background checks typically involve serious crimes like violent offenses (murder, assault, kidnapping), sexual offenses (child molestation, sexual assault), major drug felonies (trafficking, manufacturing), and financial crimes (fraud, money laundering), especially for roles involving vulnerable populations or federal security, but can also include poor credit, drug use, domestic violence, and inconsistent application info, depending on the job and state laws. Federal and state laws mandate disqualifications for specific offenses, while employers often have their own criteria, considering the nature, recency, and relevance of the offense to the job.
Why would someone not pass a federal background check?
Federal employment background checks disqualify candidates for issues like serious criminal history (especially felonies, treason, espionage), dishonesty (lying on applications), financial irresponsibility (major debt, loan defaults, tax issues), recent illegal drug use, and sometimes concerning foreign contacts or mental health conditions that affect job performance, with specific bans for severe offenses like domestic violence (affecting firearm possession) or terrorism. Disqualification depends on the job's sensitivity, with some crimes leading to permanent bans, while others are reviewed case-by-case.
What causes a red flag on a background check?
Red flags on a background check are inconsistencies or negative findings like criminal history (especially violent or financial crimes), employment/education discrepancies (lying about degrees or dates), poor credit, failed drug tests, or unprofessional social media that raise concerns about a candidate's integrity, judgment, or suitability for a role. Major red flags include criminal records, dishonesty, financial irresponsibility (for financial roles), and substance abuse issues.
What disqualifies you from clearance?
What can disqualify you?
- You are not a U.S. citizen.
- You were dishonorably discharged from the military.
- You are currently involved in illegal drug use.
- You have been judged as mentally incompetent or mentally incapacitated by a mental health professional.
- You have had a clearance revoked for security reasons.
What does the government see in a background check?
The background investigation will include credit and criminal history checks, records checks to verify citizenship of members, verification of date of birth, education, employment history, and military history.
What causes a failed background check?
You fail a background check due to red flags like criminal history, lying on your application (education, job history), a failed drug test, a poor driving record, or issues like bad credit for finance roles, all of which signal a potential mismatch with the job's requirements or company standards. Other common reasons include unverifiable credentials, negative references, or even inconsistent personal identification details.
What will show up on a federal background check?
Federal checks typically include convictions for federal crimes that may not show up on state or county-level criminal record checks. Common federal crimes employers might see on a federal background check include: Fraud. Embezzlement.
Can a job be rescinded due to background check?
Establish and document the reason for revoking a job offer, which must be valid, lawful, and non-discriminatory. The most common reasons for rescission include: Failed drug screening or credit check. Failed background check.
What looks bad on a background check?
Things that look bad on a background check include criminal records (especially job-related offenses), significant inconsistencies on resumes (like falsified degrees or job titles), frequent job hopping, unexplained employment gaps, poor credit (for financial roles), negative social media activity (hate speech, unprofessionalism), and failed drug/driving tests, all suggesting dishonesty, instability, or risk to the employer.
When should I be worried about a background check?
So, if you are worried about passing a background check, it's best to look into how long it has been since your last conviction. If it has been more than seven years, you have no worries about any job you may seek.
What are 5 employment disqualifiers of the FBI?
Employment Eligibility
- Be a U.S. citizen.
- Public record must be in good standing with no felony or domestic violence convictions.
- Cannot have used marijuana or cannabis in any form in the last year; cannot have used any other illegal drug in any other form in any location in the last ten years.
How strict is a federal background check?
Regardless of the type of background check, you will at least need to answer questions about where you've lived, worked, went to school, and any military history or police records. You'll also need to have your fingerprints taken if you've never worked for the Federal Government.
How far back do federal background checks go for employment?
Civ. Code 1786.18(a)(7), California mandates that a conviction can't be reported when it's older than seven years. Arrests that didn't lead to convictions can't be reported regardless of how much time has elapsed.
What criminal history shows on a background check?
The types of information that might appear on a criminal background check for employment include misdemeanor convictions, felony convictions, pending charges, arrest warrants, probation violations, and incarceration records.
What are major red flags on a background check?
Top Red Flags in Background Screening
- Criminal Records. Theft, assault, fraud, or DUIs. ...
- False Information on Resumes. Misstated job titles, companies, or responsibilities. ...
- Gaps in Employment History. ...
- Frequent Job Changes. ...
- Poor Credit Report. ...
- Social Media Issues. ...
- Negative References. ...
- Refusal to Consent.
When would you fail a background check?
Multiple issues can cause you to fail a background check, including relevant criminal convictions, misrepresentations made on your resume or during your interview, a failed drug test, poor credit record, poor driving history, bad references, and unexplained employment gaps.
What background checks do most employers use?
Most employers use a combination of checks, but the core is a Criminal Background Check, usually including county, state, and national database searches, alongside identity verification (like SSN trace), employment/education verification, and sometimes drug screening or Motor Vehicle Records (MVR) checks, all depending on the role. These checks are done to ensure safety, verify qualifications, and comply with legal standards like the FCRA, requiring candidate consent.