How to avoid sentence fragments?

Asked by: Gaetano Feil  |  Last update: January 29, 2026
Score: 4.7/5 (62 votes)

To avoid sentence fragments, ensure every sentence has a subject (who/what) and a verb (action/state of being) and expresses a complete thought; combine fragments with main clauses using commas or by adding the missing subject/verb; and read your writing aloud to catch awkward, incomplete-sounding parts, paying attention to words like "which," "who," or "-ing" words that often start fragments.

How do you eliminate sentence fragments?

Sentence fragments are incomplete sentences. The most common fragments are easy to identify: they may have a subject, but they lack a verb. Eliminating fragments from your writing can be a simple exercise, requiring only the insertion of a verb, a conjunction, or in some cases, correct punctuation.

How to fix a fragmented sentence?

There are two ways to fix a fragment:

  1. Change it into a complete sentence by adding and changing words.
  2. Connect it to another sentence that comes before or after it.

What are the four common causes of a sentence fragment?

4 Types of Fragments:

  • Dependent clause only (no independent clause) e.g. When I learned about fragments.
  • Missing subject e.g Happy to learn about sentence fragments.
  • Incomplete verb e.g. I learning about sentence fragments.
  • Phrase fragment (missing a subject-verb relationship) e.g. Because of a lot of obstacles.

Why should we avoid sentence fragments?

Fragments confuse readers because the lack of a subject, verb, or both makes your meaning incomplete and unclear. Although sentence fragments appear in creative and informal writing, avoid them in academic and professional writing.

SENTENCES, FRAGMENTS, & RUN-ONS | English Lesson

29 related questions found

Do fragments weaken my writing?

Sentence fragments can weaken your writing by making it unclear or incomplete. In good writing, every sentence should express a complete thought. This guide will help you understand how to avoid fragments and create stronger, clearer sentences.

What are the three types of fragments?

The three main types of sentence fragments in English grammar are those missing a subject, those missing a verb, and subordinate clause fragments (dependent clauses) that can't stand alone, all of which fail to express a complete thought even if they have some sentence parts like a subject or verb. Other common fragments include participial phrases, infinitive phrases, appositives, and afterthoughts, which are groups of words that function as parts of a sentence but are punctuated as whole sentences.
 

What are the 7 types of sentence fragments?

There are 7 types: subordinate clause fragments, infinitive phrase fragments, afterthought fragments, lonely verb fragments, appositive fragments, participle phrase fragments, and intentional fragments.

In what order to avoid being a fragment a sentence must contain?

Remember that in order to be a sentence (or “complete thought” or “independent thought” or “independent clause”), a group of words must do two things: first, it must contain a subject and a complete verb; and second, it must express a complete thought.

Is hurry up a fragment?

Hurry up! Although these word groups look like fragments because they appear to have no subject, these are examples of imperative sentences. Imperative sentences give a command. The subject of imperative sentences is actually understood to be you.

What are three methods for repairing fragments?

HERE ARE 3 WAYS TO FIX A FRAGMENT OR INCOMPLETE SENTENCE:

  • Find the Missing Piece: Determine what's missing in the sentence fragment. ...
  • Add it in. Add the Missing Subject or Verb: ...
  • Check for Completeness.

How do writers fix fragments?

Usually, a sentence fragment lacks either the subject or predicate necessary to make it an independent clause. They can be fixed by adding the missing part to make it whole. Sentence fragments are common in casual conversations, and you can even find them in literature.

How to fix fragments and run-on sentences?

A run-on sentence can be fixed by connecting its parts correctly. There are several ways to connect independent clauses. Use a period. The easiest way to fix a run-on is to split the sentence into smaller sentences using a period.

How to avoid a sentence fragment?

Easy Ways to Avoid Sentence Fragments

  1. Start every sentence with a person, place, or thing. ...
  2. Memorize this list (it's short!) of no-no ways to start a sentence: which (you know that already!), like, who, and such as. ...
  3. Avoid starting a sentence with an -ing word unless (again) you're sure what you're doing.

How to proofread for fragments?

Attach the fragment to that sentence. In general, when you are proofreading, be sure to look for only one type of error at a time. Otherwise, it is easy to miss your mistakes. It always helps to read your writing out loud when looking for sentence fragments.

How can I identify sentence fragments?

A sentence fragment is a chunk of language that hasn't made it all the way to being a working sentence; it might be missing a verb, or there might not be a subject.

What is an example of fragrant?

Fragrant things emit good smells, like flowers, trees, or cooking. Maybe you find fresh cut grass fragrant, or the smell of summer rain on asphalt.

What are the 4 types of sentences?

The four main types of sentences, categorized by their function, are Declarative (make a statement), Interrogative (ask a question), Imperative (give a command/request), and Exclamatory (express strong emotion), each ending with a specific punctuation mark like a period, question mark, or exclamation point, say Grammarly and PrepScholar.
 

How to avoid complex sentences?

CONTROLLING AND SHAPING LONG SENTENCES

Avoid using a lot of relative clauses (beginning with that or which). These can create sprawl or convey the effect of “tacking on” information. Become comfortable with running modifiers, and use them (with fewer relative clauses) to extend your sentences.

What causes a sentence fragment?

A sentence fragment is a sentence that is missing either its subject or its main verb. Some sentence fragments occur as the result of simple typographical errors or omission of words.

What are 10 examples of sentences?

Here are 10 examples of simple sentences demonstrating different subjects, verbs, and tenses, like "The cat sat on the mat," "She is reading a book," and "They will travel next month," showing basic sentence structures with a subject and predicate. 

How to check if a sentence is a fragment?

Put simply, a sentence fragment is a clause that falls short of a complete sentence because it is missing one of three critical components: a subject, a verb, and a complete thought.

What are the rules for using sentence fragments?

A fragment is an incomplete sentence. It cannot stand alone because it is not an independent clause. It either lacks a subject, a complete verb (or both), or it might be a complete sentence but because it begins with a subordinating word (such as “when” or “because”) it does not express a complete thought.

What are the 7 sentence patterns with examples?

7 Basic Sentence Patterns

  • John / laughed. (SV)*
  • John / kissed / Jane. (SVO)
  • John / is / tall. (SVC)
  • John / gave / Jane / a present. (SVOO)
  • John / made / Jane / angry. (SVOC)
  • John / sat / up. (SVA)
  • John / put / the bag / down. (SVOA)

What are the four types of sentence fragments?

The 7 Sentence Fragments

  • Infinitive phrase.
  • Prepositional phrase.
  • Appositional phrase (what I call an 'explanation phrase')
  • Participial phrase.
  • Gerund phrase.
  • Adverb clause.
  • Adjective clause.