What are examples of Article 10 violations?

Asked by: Dr. Declan Stoltenberg  |  Last update: January 31, 2026
Score: 4.3/5 (65 votes)

Article 10 violations vary greatly depending on the governing body, but commonly involve discrimination in real estate (e.g., refusing service based on race/sex), child neglect/abuse (under Family Court Acts), or restrictions on freedom of expression (like censorship or penalizing whistleblowers, per the European Convention). Examples include using slurs in housing ads, failing to protect a child from harm, or silencing critics, often involving a clash between rights and public interest.

What are the examples of Article 10?

Article 10(1) protects the family, including children, and requires free consent to marriage; Article 10(2) protects mothers, including workers; and Article 10(3) protects children, including in work.

What does article 10 of the Code of Ethics prohibit?

REALTORS® must not use harassing speech, hate speech, epithets, or slurs based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, national origin, sexual orientation, or gender identity.

What rights does article 10 protect?

Article 10 - Freedom of expression

Everyone has the right to freedom of expression. This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers.

What is the Article 10 of the Realtor Code of Ethics?

Thus, a violation of Article 10, as supported by Standard of Practice 10-5, can occur when a REALTOR® uses harassing speech, hate speech, epithets and slurs based on the protected classes in any media or context, regardless of whether related to their activities in the real estate business or their identification as a ...

[AUDIO CODAL] Article 10 of the Revised Penal Code

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What is the most common complaint filed against REALTORS?

The most common complaints against realtors center on fraud and misrepresentation, specifically failing to disclose known property defects, alongside breach of fiduciary duty, like inadequate communication, lack of effort, or conflicts of interest, with issues like mishandling earnest money, negligence, and failing to recommend essential services (like inspections) also frequently cited in legal actions and ethics violations. 

What are common ethical violations in real estate?

Misrepresentation and Exaggeration

Sometimes, agents unintentionally (or intentionally) misrepresent or exaggerate details about a property, which can mislead buyers. This violates Article 2 of the NAR Code of Ethics, which requires REALTORS® to avoid misrepresentation or concealing important facts.

What limits are there on Article 10?

No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title ...

What is an Article 10 case?

Article 10 covers many situations that may harm a child's well-being, such as physical punishment and lack of proper care. It sets out a process for investigating and adjudicating these cases involving multiple agencies and legal mechanisms to ensure thorough and fair proceedings in family court.

What are key cases involving Article 10?

One of the most well-known cases of violations of Article 10 occurred during the Nuremberg trials following World War II. In these trials, Nazi war criminals were brought to justice for their role in the Holocaust and other atrocities.

What is a violation of the Code of Ethics?

An ethics violation occurs when an individual or organization breaches established ethical principles, codes of conduct, or professional standards. These violations may involve dishonesty, conflicts of interest, harassment, misuse of company assets, or other behaviors that compromise integrity and trust.

What are the 10 Ethics?

Organizations can foster a culture that values ethical behavior and decision-making by prioritizing transparency, accountability, fairness, integrity, respect for the law, long-term success, social responsibility, employee empowerment, ethical leadership, and continuous improvement.

What are common ethical violations in counseling?

Some common violations are:

  • Engaging in dual relationships.
  • Breach of confidentiality.
  • Unethical billing practices.
  • Sexual relationships.
  • Client abandonment.

What are articles 10 examples?

Ten examples of articles (a, an, the) in sentences demonstrate their use with nouns for specificity: The cat sat on the mat (specific), I saw a bird (general), He ate an apple (vowel sound), She bought the book I recommended (specific), and An honest mistake was made (vowel sound/meaning), showing how articles clarify if a noun is known, introduced, or general.
 

What is section 10 all about?

The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all. Section 10.

What is section 10 of the Human Rights Act?

Article 10 protects your right to hold your own opinions and to express them freely without government interference. This includes the right to express your views aloud (for example through public protest and demonstrations) or through: published articles, books or leaflets.

What does Article 10 of the Human rights mean?

Article 10

Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.

What not to say to a family court judge?

To a family court judge, avoid lying, name-calling, exaggerating, badmouthing the other parent (especially to/around kids), making threats, interrupting, or getting emotional; instead, stay factual, calm, and focus on the child's best interest by showing respect, controlling your temper, and presenting concise, evidence-based information to maintain credibility. 

What evidence is needed in neglect cases?

Evidence needed in neglect cases includes physical proof (photos, medical records of poor hygiene, malnutrition, untreated injuries), witness testimony (teachers, doctors, neighbors, family), digital records (texts, emails showing lack of care), official reports (school, CPS, police), and expert opinions (doctors, social workers) to demonstrate a parent's failure to provide basic needs like food, shelter, medical care, or supervision, with the standard of proof often being a "preponderance of the evidence" (more than 50% likely) in child welfare cases, not "beyond a reasonable doubt". 

What does article 10 mean in family court?

neglect: a proceeding under Article 10 of the Family Court Act involving a child who has suffered injury or mistreatment as defined in Section 1012(f). The proceeding is designed to help safeguard the child's physical, mental and emotional well-being.

What is Amendment 10 in simple terms?

The 10th Amendment simply means that any powers not specifically given to the federal government by the Constitution, and not forbidden to the states, belong to the states or the people, reinforcing the idea of federalism where power is divided between national and state levels. It's about reserved powers – if the Constitution doesn't mention it as a federal job, it's a state or people's job. 

What are denied powers?

Denied powersare those that the state or federal government are not allowed to do. This was done as another way of creating a system of limited government and making sure that the government did not abuse its power. Implied powers are those that are not specifically mentioned in the Constitution.

What is the 3 3 3 rule in real estate?

The "3-3-3 Rule" in real estate typically refers to a financial guideline for home buyers, suggesting monthly housing costs stay under 30% of gross income, saving 30% for a down payment/buffer, and the home price shouldn't exceed 3 times annual income, preventing overspending and building financial security for unexpected costs, notes Chase Bank, CMG Financial, and MIDFLORIDA Credit Union. Another interpretation, Mountains West Ranches https://www.mwranches.com/blog/3-3-3-rule-a-smart-guide-for-real-estate-buyers, is for buyers to have three months of savings, three months of mortgage reserves, and compare three properties, while agents use a marketing version: call 3, write 3 notes, share 3 resources. 

What are REALTORS not allowed to say?

The law protects against discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability or family status. Expressing opinions about a neighborhood can violate the law. “As realtors , we want to provide and much information to you as we can,” Mike MacGuire, with The Platinum Group REALTORS® said.

What is an example of unethical behavior in real estate?

Recognising Unethical Behaviour

This might include misleading clients about property features, hiding detrimental information, or inflating prices for personal gain. Such practices not only compromise trust but can also lead to severe financial and emotional distress for clients.