What are protected activities under Title IX?

What does Title IX not protect against?

Title IX does not protect against discrimination based on race, ethnicity, or disability, nor does it cover all off-campus incidents or conduct in certain religious/military schools; it specifically addresses sex-based discrimination, harassment, and violence in federally funded educational programs, with exemptions for some single-sex admissions and specific youth/military training organizations. 

What are the 9 protected categories of harassment?

Protected Classes

• Race.
• Color.
• Religion (includes religious dress and grooming practices)
• Sex/gender (includes pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and/ or related medical conditions)
• Gender identity, gender expression.
• Sexual orientation.
• Marital status.

What are the 10 protected classes?

These include race, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, physical and mental disability, medical condition, genetic information, marital status, sex, gender, gender identity, gender expression, age (specifically for individuals 40 or older), sexual orientation, and military or veteran status.

What are the 12 protected characteristics?

Types of discrimination ('protected characteristics')

• age.
• gender reassignment.
• being married or in a civil partnership.
• being pregnant or on maternity leave.
• disability.
• race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin.
• religion or belief.
• sex.

What are the seven (7) federally protected classes?

The seven federally protected classes under the Fair Housing Act are race, religion, national origin, color, familial status (the presence of children under the age of 18 in a household), sex, and disability.

What is not a protected activity?

Examples of employee activities that are not protected as opposition include actions that interfere with job performance so as to render the employee ineffective or unlawful activities such as acts or threats of violence.

Is talking to HR a protected activity?

The law protects workers from punishment when they raise these types of concerns through proper channels, like talking to HR, filing an official complaint, or alerting government agencies about workplace violations.

Is taking PTO a protected activity?

California PTO Laws in 2026

California law does not mandate paid vacation, but it treats all offered PTO as 'earned wages. ' This means 'use-it-or-lose-it' policies are illegal, and employers must pay out all unused hours upon termination at the employee's final rate of pay.

What are examples of protected activity?

Protected activity includes: complaining about discriminatory or harassing behavior; disclosing/reporting violations of law, rule or procedure or fraud, waste or abuse; and participating in discrimination or whistleblower proceedings (such as an investigation or lawsuit).

What are examples of Title IX violations?

Title IX violation examples include sexual harassment (unwanted advances, sexual jokes, inappropriate touching), sexual violence (assault, rape, domestic violence, stalking), gender-based discrimination (unequal sports, biased dress codes, pregnancy discrimination), retaliation against reporters, and creating a hostile educational environment through sex-based bullying or slurs. These violations occur in educational programs receiving federal funds, covering conduct from verbal harassment to severe physical acts.
 

Which of the following programs and activities are exempt from Title IX?

Title IX does not apply to the membership practices of the Young Men's Christian Association, Young Women's Christian Association, Girl Scouts, Boy Scouts, and Camp Fire Girls.

What are the 9 protected characters?

The 9 protected characteristics under the UK's Equality Act 2010 are: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation, all serving to protect people from discrimination in areas like work, education, and public services.
 

What are not examples of protected characteristics?

Textbook & Expert-Verified. The characteristic that is NOT protected by federal discrimination laws is C. political affiliation. While race, sexual orientation, and age have some level of protection, political affiliation does not have the same legal backing.

What does protected mean legally?

A protected class is a category of individuals legally safeguarded from discrimination or retaliation under federal or state law. Protected classes are identified by characteristics such as race, color, national origin, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, religion, age, and disability.

Which of the following is not a protected class?

Employment Status (B) is NOT a protected class under federal law, unlike religion, age, and race, which are protected by the EEOC according to laws such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

What are the six protected classes?

The six protected classes are 1) anticonvulsants, 2) antidepressants, 3) antineoplastics, 4) antipsychotics, 5) antiretrovirals, and 6) immunosuppressants.

What are employment-related activities that are banned in the federal?

• Non-Discrimination.
• Proper Considerations.
• Coercing Political Activity.
• Obstructing the Right to Compete for Employment.
• Influencing Withdrawal from Competition.
• Granting Any Preference or Advantage Not Authorized by Law.
• Nepotism.
• Whistleblower Protection.

What types of harassment does Title IX not protect?

Conclusion: Key Points on Title IX Exclusions

While it offers comprehensive protection against gender-based discrimination, sexual harassment, and retaliation, it does not address other forms of harassment and discrimination like race, disability, or age.

What are the 7 main protected characteristics?

Protected characteristics

• Age.
• Disability.
• Gender reassignment.
• Marriage and civil partnership.
• Pregnancy and maternity.
• Race.
• Religion or belief.
• Sex.

What are three actions that are considered harassment?

The three primary types of harassment often categorized are Verbal/Written, Physical, and Visual, which create hostile environments through offensive language, unwanted touching/assault, or inappropriate images/gestures, respectively, though harassment also includes discriminatory and sexual forms that overlap these categories. These behaviors, whether explicit or subtle, target individuals based on protected characteristics like race, gender, or religion, making a workplace intimidating, hostile, or offensive.