What are the 4 types of discrimination in the Equality Act 2010?

Asked by: Halle Paucek  |  Last update: April 3, 2026
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The Equality Act 2010 defines several types of discrimination, but the four main categories universally recognized across protected characteristics are Direct Discrimination, Indirect Discrimination, Harassment, and Victimisation, with specific provisions for disability discrimination, including failure to make reasonable adjustments and discrimination arising from disability. These cover treating someone unfairly because of who they are (protected characteristic), unwanted conduct, or negative treatment for raising issues.

What are the 4 types of discrimination under the Equality Act?

If you're disabled. If you're disabled under the Equality Act, you're protected from all the main types of discrimination - direct discrimination, indirect discrimination, harassment and victimisation. You can check if you're disabled under the Equality Act.

What are the 4 elements of discrimination?

For example, in a disability or race discrimination case, some courts have said that the 4 elements are that (1) the plaintiff belongs to a protected group, (2) he is qualified for the job (3) the plaintiff was discriminated against, and (4) the plaintiff was replaced bv a nonminority.

What is Section 4 of the Equality Act 2010?

The Equality Act 2010

There are nine protected characteristics, listed in section 4 of the Act, ranging from age through to sexual orientation. The Act prohibits direct and indirect discrimination, and harassment and victimisation.

What is the Equality Act 2010 discrimination?

Equality Act provisions which came into force on 1 October 2010: the basic framework of protection against direct and indirect discrimination, harassment and victimisation in services and public functions, premi, work, education, associations and transport.

Discrimination and The Equality Act Explained for Kids | Pop'n'Olly | Olly Pike

34 related questions found

What are the 4 types of prohibited conduct?

There are four “main” types of prohibited conduct which include: Direct Discrimination, Indirect Discrimination, Harassment and Victimisation.

What are 5 examples of discrimination?

Discrimination means treating someone 'less favourably' than someone else, because of:

  • age.
  • disability.
  • gender reassignment.
  • marriage and civil partnership.
  • pregnancy and maternity.
  • race.
  • religion or belief.
  • sex.

What are the four stages of discrimination?

Under the Equality Act, there are four main types of discrimination: direct and indirect discrimination, harassment and victimisation. In this article, we'll break down each type in detail and how they can reveal themselves in the workplace.

What are the four reasons why people discriminate against others?

Prejudice, ignorance, fear, and social influence are four reasons why people discriminate against others.

What is an example of indirect discrimination under the Equality Act 2010?

Examples. A woman is forced to leave her job because her employer operates a practice that staff must work in a shift pattern which she is unable to comply with because she needs to look after her children at particular times of day, and no allowances are made because of those needs.

What are the types of discrimination in the US?

Under the laws enforced by EEOC, it is illegal to discriminate against someone (applicant or employee) because of that person's race, color, religion, sex (including transgender status, sexual orientation, and pregnancy), national origin, age (40 or older), disability or genetic information.

How to prove discrimination?

Direct evidence is the best way to show that you experienced discrimination and can include verbal comments or statements written in memos, notes, emails, or other personal or professional communications.

What are three types of illegal discrimination?

California law protects individuals from illegal discrimination by employers based on the following: Race, color. Ancestry, national origin. Religion, creed.

What are the 14 types of discrimination?

The 14 prohibited grounds for discrimination or harassment

  • Race. ...
  • It's the color of your skin.
  • It is for example the fact of being a woman or a man. ...
  • Gender identity or gender expression. ...
  • It's the fact of being pregnant and having a baby. ...
  • It is the emotional or sexual attraction to someone. ...
  • It's your family status.

What are types of racial discrimination?

Some examples: colorism, isolation, protectionism, addiction, self-doubt, self-hate, rage, shame, ethno-centrism, anti-Blackness, anti-Indigeneity. INTERNALIZED RACIAL SUPERIORITY* - The accep- tance and acting out of a superior definition of self, rooted in the historical designation of oneʼs race.

What are the four elements of racism?

Four overlapping dimensions of racism: historical, structural, institutional and individual. Racism is best understood as being an expression of a system of oppression which has its roots in a history of power and the subordination of ”non-white” groups.

What are the 9 grounds of the Equality Act?

The protected grounds are gender, civil status, family status, sexual orientation, religious belief or lack of belief, age, disability, race including nationality, and membership in the Traveller community.

What are the three general duties of the Equality Act 2010?

Public Sector Equality Duty

  • remove or minimise disadvantages suffered by people due to their relevant protected characteristics.
  • take steps to meet the different needs of people who share a relevant protected characteristic.
  • encourage participation in public life or any other activity by underrepresented groups.