What are the 5 phases of immigration?

Asked by: Miss Henriette Kohler PhD  |  Last update: February 4, 2026
Score: 4.6/5 (63 votes)

While there's no single universally defined "5 phases of immigration," the process often involves stages of cultural adjustment (Honeymoon, Culture Shock/Crisis, Adjustment, Integration), or distinct migration life cycle stages (Pre-decision, Pre-departure, During Migration, Post-migration). Common phases in the cultural journey include the initial Honeymoon (excitement), followed by Culture Shock/Crisis (frustration, longing), then Gradual Adjustment, leading to Adaptation/Integration, and sometimes a final stage of Reverse Culture Shock when visiting home.

What are the 5 stages of cultural adaptation?

Stages of Cultural Adjustment

  • Stage 1: Initial Euphoria “Honeymoon Stage” Orientation, registration, parties, getting acquainted … ...
  • Stage 2: Culture Shock. ...
  • Stage 3: Irritability & Hostility. ...
  • Stage 4: Gradual Adjustment. ...
  • Stage 5: Accomplishment & Acceptance.

What are the steps of the immigration process?

Immigrant Visa Process

  1. Submit a Petition.
  2. NVC Processing.
  3. Pay Fees.
  4. Affidavit of Support.
  5. Financial Documents.
  6. Online Application.
  7. Civil Documents.
  8. Scan Documents.

What are 5 pull factors for immigration?

Pull

  • Job opportunities.
  • Higher benefits.
  • Better living conditions.
  • Having more political or religious freedom.
  • Enjoyment.
  • Education.
  • Better medical care.
  • Attractive climates.

How many immigration statuses are there?

When immigrating to the US, there are four different types of immigration status categories that individuals may fall into: citizens, residents, non-immigrants, and undocumented immigrants.

Understand the Immigration System in 8 Minutes

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What are the four main types of immigration?

The four main categories of immigration status in the U.S. are Citizens, Lawful Permanent Residents (Green Card holders), Non-Immigrants (temporary visitors like students or workers), and Undocumented Immigrants (those present without legal authorization). These statuses define a person's rights, duration of stay, and path to potential citizenship, with pathways often stemming from family, employment, humanitarian (refugee/asylee), or diversity criteria. 

Do undocumented immigrants have rights in the USA?

The Constitution guarantees due process rights to all “persons,” not just citizens. This means non-citizens, including undocumented immigrants, are entitled to fair treatment under the law. This includes the right to defend themselves in court.

What are 5 reasons people immigrate?

Some people move in search of work or economic opportunity, to join family, or to study. Others move to escape conflict, persecution or large-scale human rights violations. Still others move in response to the adverse effects of climate change, natural disasters or other environmental factors.

What are the 5 push and 5 pull factors of migration?

Push examples: war, political persecution, severe famine, lack of jobs, environmental disasters. Pull examples: job opportunities, better healthcare or education, political freedom, family already living there. The CED treats migration causes as cultural, demographic, economic, environmental, or political (EK IMP-2.

What are the 5 main causes of forced migration?

The five main drivers of forced migration are conflict/violence, persecution, natural disasters, climate change, and severe economic hardship, often intertwined, forcing people to flee homes due to war, persecution (race, religion, politics), environmental catastrophes, poverty, and lack of opportunity, leading to massive global displacement. 

What's next after an immigrant visa is approved?

Once you have received your immigrant visa, you must enter the United States within the visa validity period to obtain an alien registration receipt or “green” card (Form I-151 or I-551) that will allow you to live and work in the United States. You will receive your passport from the courier service.

What are the 5 requirements for an immigrant to become a U.S. citizen?

To become a U.S. citizen through naturalization, immigrants generally need to be at least 18, a permanent resident for 5 years (or 3 if married to a U.S. citizen), demonstrate good moral character, show English & U.S. civics knowledge, and take the Oath of Allegiance, while also meeting continuous residency and physical presence requirements, all of which are key criteria for citizenship. 

What is the 7 year rule for immigrants?

The "7-year rule" in U.S. immigration refers to proposed legislation, particularly the Dignity Act and registry bill updates (like H.R. 1511/S. 4974), that would create a pathway to a green card for long-term residents who have lived in the U.S. continuously for at least seven years and meet other requirements like good moral character, updating the current outdated registry cutoff date (currently 1972). While not currently law, these bills aim to provide legal status for millions, including Dreamers and essential workers, by establishing a rolling eligibility date for permanent residency. 

What are the 5 stages of adjustment?

The five stages – denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance – are often talked about as if they happen in order, moving from one stage to the other. You might hear people say things like 'Oh I've moved on from denial and now I think I'm entering the angry stage'. But this isn't often the case.

What are the 5 C's of culture change?

The "Five Cs of Culture Change" offer various frameworks, but commonly include Clarity, Communication, Collaboration, Commitment, and Culture (or Consistency/Compassion), focusing on clear vision, open dialogue, teamwork, dedication, and embedding values into the organization's fabric to guide successful transformation by keeping people engaged and aligned with new goals. Other versions might emphasize Courage, Confidence, and Compassion for leadership, or Comprehension, Coordination, and Convergence for strategic implementation, but the core idea is a people-centric approach to change.
 

What are the emotional stages of immigration?

Culture shock generally moves through four different phases: honeymoon, frustration, adjustment, and acceptance. Individuals experience these stages differently, and the impact and order of each stage vary widely. They can, however, offer a helpful guide for understanding how people adapt to new cultures.

What are the five migration steps?

Five-phase migration process

  • Phase 1: Migration preparation and business planning.
  • Phase 2: Portfolio discovery and planning.
  • Phases 3 and 4: Designing, migrating, and validating applications.
  • Phase 5: Modern operating model.

What are the five main types of migration?

Answer: The major types of migration include internal migration, international migration, voluntary migration, involuntary migration, and seasonal migration.

What is Migration 5?

Migration 5 (M5, formerly the Five Country Conference on migration) is a conference of the immigration authorities of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America.

What are the five main causes of migration?

Read on for six of the most common causes of forced migration.

  • Drought. Farmers carry supplies from a Concern distribution to their valley in East Gojam, Ethiopia, where there has been virtually no rain for 3 years. ( ...
  • Hunger. ...
  • Flooding. ...
  • Earthquakes. ...
  • War & conflict. ...
  • Economic circumstances.

What are the 5 pros of immigration?

Hernandez's research shows that immigrants increase the magnitude and variety of the five key inputs that produce economic growth and jobs. These are consumption, investment, innovation, talent, and taxes.

Do illegals get unemployment benefits?

periods: first, the time that the worker is applying for and receiving benefits (the “benefits period”); and second, the time that the worker performed the work (the “base period”). Under the current state and federal systems, undocumented workers are not eligible for unemployment benefits.

Do immigrants get more welfare than US citizens?

No, research consistently shows that immigrants, particularly non-citizens, use welfare and entitlement programs at lower rates per capita than native-born U.S. citizens, consuming less in benefits like Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and food assistance, though naturalized citizens use more due to their older age. While overall immigrant welfare use is lower, households with immigrant parents and U.S.-born citizen children might show higher rates because benefits often go to the children. 

Why don't illegal immigrants just come legally?

This is because most do not have the family relationships required to apply for lawful entry; they do not qualify as asylees because of economic hardship as such status is available only to those who are fleeing persecution; and the majority of the unauthorized do not hold advanced degrees and work in the high-skilled ...