What are the 9 principles of equality?

Asked by: Edythe Walter  |  Last update: March 5, 2026
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The "9 principles of equality" typically refer to the nine protected characteristics under the UK's Equality Act 2010, which legally protect individuals from discrimination: Age, Disability, Gender Reassignment, Marriage & Civil Partnership, Pregnancy & Maternity, Race, Religion or Belief, Sex, and Sexual Orientation. These characteristics ensure fairness by making it illegal to treat someone unfairly because of who they are or aspects of their identity.

What are the 9 principles of equality and diversity?

Under the Equality Act 2010, there are 9 protected characteristics which are; age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation.

What are the 9 types of equality?

The Equality Act and protected characteristics

  • age.
  • disability.
  • gender reassignment.
  • marriage or civil partnership (in employment only)
  • pregnancy and maternity.
  • race.
  • religion or belief.
  • sex.

What are the principles of equality?

The Principle of Equality is concerned with extents to which these fundamental desires are satisfied. It has to do with different extents of well-being, this being nothing other than the mentioned satisfaction. It is a recommendation with respect to the distribution of this satisfaction or well-being.

What are the 9 strands of diversity?

The nine key protected characteristics to promote diversity and protect against discrimination in the workplace are:

  • Age.
  • Disability (mental or physical)
  • Gender reassignment.
  • Marriage and civil partnership.
  • Pregnancy and maternity.
  • Race.
  • Religion or belief.
  • Sex.

The Principle of Equality | BRI's Homework Help Series

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What is the Article 9 of the Equality Act?

Article 9 protects your right to hold both religious and non-religious beliefs. This is an absolute right which means it can't be interfered with by the state. Article 9 includes the right to choose or change your religion or beliefs. It also means you can't be forced to have a particular religion.

What are the 9 main characteristics of the Equality Act 2010?

The nine protected characteristics are:

  • age.
  • disability.
  • gender reassignment.
  • marriage and civil partnership.
  • pregnancy and maternity.
  • race.
  • religion or belief.
  • sex.

What are the main principles of the Equality Act?

The Act prohibits direct and indirect discrimination, and harassment and victimisation. It also prohibits discrimination in relation to something arising from a person's disability, and creates a duty to make reasonable adjustments for disabled people.

What are the principles of equity?

Contents

  • 2.1 Equity looks on as done that which ought to have been done.
  • 2.2 Equity will not suffer a wrong to be without a remedy.
  • 2.3 Equity will not allow a wrongdoer to profit by a wrong.
  • 2.4 Equity does not punish.
  • 2.5 Equity is a sort of equality.
  • 2.6 One who seeks equity must do equity.

What are the 9 reasons for discrimination?

This article explains 9 grounds of discrimination in Ireland and their meaning.

  • Gender. Gender Discrimination occurs when someone is treated differently because of their gender. ...
  • Civil status. ...
  • Family status. ...
  • Sexual orientation. ...
  • Age. ...
  • Disability. ...
  • Race. ...
  • Religion.

How to remember the 9 protected characteristics?

We remember the protected characteristics by using the mnemonic:

  1. DR S GRAMPS.
  2. Disability.
  3. Race.
  4. Sex.
  5. Gender reassignment.
  6. Religion or beliefs.
  7. Age.
  8. Marriage or civil partnership.

What does "protected" mean legally?

A protected class is a category of individuals legally safeguarded from discrimination or retaliation under federal or state law. Protected classes are identified by characteristics such as race, color, national origin, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, religion, age, and disability.

What are the principles of equality and diversity?

You may also have come across the term equity, which is about ensuring that everyone is treated fairly, by removing barriers to resources or opportunities that some groups in society face. Diversity is about recognising, valuing and taking account of people's different backgrounds, knowledge, skills, and experiences.

What is the Equal rights Act?

The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is the 28th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which protects the equality of rights under the law regardless of sex. While the ERA is fully ratified and was recognized by a US President as the law of the land, it has yet to be officially published in the Constitution.

What are the 7 equality and diversity strands?

The Single Equality Act combines the existing three duties into one new Equality Duty that covers all seven of the equality strands: age, disability, gender, gender-identity, race, religion or belief and sexual orientation.

What are the 9 main protected characteristics?

The 9 protected characteristics under the UK's Equality Act 2010 are: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation, all serving to protect people from discrimination in areas like work, education, and public services.
 

What is the Equality Act 2025?

(14) This Act makes explicit that existing Federal statutes prohibiting sex discrimination in employment (including in access to benefits), healthcare, housing, education, credit, and jury service also prohibit sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination.

What is Section 10 of the Equality Act?

10Religion or belief

(a)a reference to a person who has a particular protected characteristic is a reference to a person of a particular religion or belief; (b)a reference to persons who share a protected characteristic is a reference to persons who are of the same religion or belief.

What are the characteristics of equality?

No discrimination is made with anybody on the basis of his caste, religion, colour, creed etc. 2. Prohibition of Discriminations-The main characteristic of the social equality is not to make any discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, colour, race etc.

Is PTSD a disability under the Equality Act?

Sufferers of post-traumatic stress disorder are already protected by the Equality Act 2010 if their condition has a substantial and long-term effect on their ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities.

How to prove discrimination at work?

To prove workplace discrimination, you need strong evidence showing you were treated unfairly due to a protected characteristic (race, gender, age, disability, etc.), often by documenting disparate treatment compared to others, gathering direct evidence like biased emails or comments, and filing a formal charge with the EEOC. Key steps involve documenting everything meticulously, finding witnesses, and showing a pattern or "smoking gun" evidence that the employer's reasons for adverse actions are a pretext for discrimination. 

What is human rights 9?

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more.

Is it legal to only hire Christians?

In California, **religious discrimination is illegal**, and an employer cannot pressure you to participate in religious activities, adopt religious beliefs, or answer personal questions about your faith as a condition of keeping your job.

What rights do Christians have?

Christians do not have rights—they have privileges.

As recipients of grace, Christians have many privileges that could not be given prior to their redemption. For example, because Jesus is our high priest, believers can “approach God's throne of grace with confidence” to receive mercy and grace (Hebrews 4:16, NIV).