What are the hints on cross-examination?

Asked by: Prof. Mac Durgan  |  Last update: June 29, 2025
Score: 4.6/5 (10 votes)

7 Expert Tips for Cross Examination
  • 1) Listen Carefully, Then Respond. ...
  • 2) Answer Only the Question Asked. ...
  • 3) Don't Be Surprised by Leading Questions. ...
  • 4) Is There an Objection in the House? ...
  • 5) Making Concessions When Appropriate. ...
  • 6) Keep Calm and Carry On. ...
  • 7) Stick to the Facts.

What not to say during cross-examination?

Other 'don'ts' are not to insist on yes or no answers; not to create the opportunity for ruinous redirect examination; not to argue; not to object to the judge's questions; not to say, 'Remember you are under oath;' and not to be baited by the opposing attorney.

How to outsmart cross-examination?

Ask questions to which there is virtually no responsive answer but “yes,” “no,” or “I don't know.” This creates controlled cross, driving the witness to your conclusions. 6. Listen, think about, and analyze what the witness actually says. The more you listen, the calmer and more effective you will become.

What are 3 rules for composing cross-examination questions?

The Top 3 Rules of Cross-Examination
  • Leading Questions Only. The Federal Rules of Evidence and the rules of evidence of all states permit leading questions on cross (Fed. ...
  • One New Fact Per Question. ...
  • Break Cross Into a Series of Logical Progressions to Each Specific Factual Goal.

What are three things to keep in mind during a cross-examination?

Thankfully, there are things lawyers can do before and during a cross-examination to increase the chances it will be effective.
  • Establish Your Goals for Each Witness. ...
  • Structure Your Questions to Box Witnesses In. ...
  • Strategically Use Constructive & Deconstructive Cross-Examination. ...
  • Know Witnesses' Prior Testimony Inside & Out.

The hearing - Cross-examining a witness

45 related questions found

What is the number one rule of cross-examination?

Use Only Leading Questions

On cross-examination the law permits questions that suggest the answer and allows the attorney to put his words in the witnesses' mouth.

What is one of the common tactics used during cross-examination?

When cross-examining a witness, you can ask leading questions or questions that suggest an answer. These questions are helpful because they can limit the range of answers that the witness can give and emphasizes points you want to make.

Can you introduce evidence on cross-examination?

For such purposes, the Federal Rules of Evidence allow the introduction of extrinsic evidence on cross-examination only if it is related to the witness's character for truthfulness.

Can you ask hypothetical questions during cross-examination?

If utilized properly, the use of a hypothetical on cross will allow you to either undermine the credibility of the opposing expert or allow you to make the opposing expert your own witness and present opinion evidence which supports your position in the case.

How to be a good witness in cross-examination?

Hiring a jury consultant to help with witness preparation is a great way to help ensure all of your trial needs are being met.
  1. #1 Tell the Truth (and Only the Truth) ...
  2. #2 Keep It Brief. ...
  3. #3 Maintain a Consistent Demeanor. ...
  4. #4 Be Serious. ...
  5. #5 Communicate Through Clear Speech. ...
  6. #6 Be Aware of Posture. ...
  7. #7 Ask for Clarification.

What questions can't be asked in cross-examination?

Generally, it is improper to do the following during cross examination:
  • unduly repeat cross-examination questions.
  • question solely to harass or embarrass the witness.
  • intentionally insult or abuse a witness.
  • ask a question to elicit evidence that is not admissible.
  • ask questions that elicit privileged information.

How to discredit witnesses in cross-examination?

Prior inconsistent statements/conduct

Perhaps the most effective and most frequently used form of impairing credibility is proof of a statement or conduct by the witness that is inconsistent with the trial testimony. (Evid. Code, § 780(h)) The inconsistency need not be a complete contradiction.

How do you stay calm when being cross examined?

Stay calm. Take a deep breath to maintain your composure. Taking a deep breath and being aware of a physical response to a stressful situation can help the witness feel more in control. It buys time for the witness to think about the question they are being asked and to formulate their response.

How do you survive cross-examination in court?

7 Expert Tips for Cross Examination
  1. 1) Listen Carefully, Then Respond. ...
  2. 2) Answer Only the Question Asked. ...
  3. 3) Don't Be Surprised by Leading Questions. ...
  4. 4) Is There an Objection in the House? ...
  5. 5) Making Concessions When Appropriate. ...
  6. 6) Keep Calm and Carry On. ...
  7. 7) Stick to the Facts.

What is an example of irrelevant evidence?

Irrelevant evidence is commonly objected to and disallowed at trial. For example, in a personal injury case, the insurance company may attempt to dig up unfavorable information about claimants in order to make the claimant appear in a negative light. This is especially true if the claimant has a criminal background.

What questions can you not ask a witness?

As a general rule, do not ask leading questions - questions which contain within them the answer, suggest the answer or call for a yes or no answer - or your direct will be interrupted with sustained objections.

What are examples of hypothetical questions?

50 Examples of Hypothetical Questions To Ask In Lessons
  • What would the world be like if Shakespeare had never existed?
  • If you won the lottery, what would you do with the money?
  • If you could travel back in time and give yourself one piece of advice, what would it be?

What are the leading questions in cross-examination?

The trial attorney should always ask leading questions on cross. Never ask non-leading open-ended questions unless they are low-risk questions to which you either know the answer or the answer cannot hurt you. A leading question, by definition, is one that contains the answer within the question.

Can you be argumentative on cross-examination?

When the person asking cross-examination questions begins to argue with the witness, known as “badgering the witness,” then the other party can object to the questioning as argumentative. Example: Opposing party's attorney: “You are not afraid of my client, correct?” You: “Yes, I am.”

What is not allowed in cross-examination?

However, the attorney conducting the cross-examination may not ask questions outside of scope of the direct examination. In other words, the attorney may not raise issues that go beyond the subject matter of the witness's initial testimony.

What is the rule 607?

Three Government attorneys discuss Federal Rules 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, and 613 pertaining to witnesses and suggest how prosecuting attorneys can apply them during cross-examination. Rule 607 asserts that a witness's credibility can be attacked by any party, including the party calling the witness.

What does open the door mean in law?

(1) A party may “open the door” to the introduction by an opposing party of evidence that would otherwise be inadmissible when in argument, cross-examination of a witness, or other presentation of evidence the party has given an incomplete and misleading impression on an issue.

What are the rules of cross-examination?

Cross-examination is generally limited to questioning only on matters that were raised during direct examination. Leading questions may be asked during cross-examination, since the purpose of cross-examination is to test the credibility of statements made during direct examination.

What is meant by "no case to answer"?

No case for the defendant to answer (sometimes shortened to no case to answer) is a term in the criminal law of some Commonwealth states, whereby a defendant seeks acquittal without having to present a defence, because of the insufficiency of the prosecution's case.

How do you win a cross-examination debate?

Be friendly and calm.
  1. Be friendly and calm. If your opponent is rude DO NOT give in. ...
  2. Stand firmly, speak loudly, and look confident.
  3. Do not waste your time with exchanging evidence—get evidence before CX, during prep.
  4. Face the judge, not your opponent.
  5. Use arguments from CX in speeches!