What are the two main types of courts?

What are the two types of trials in the criminal justice system?

Trial. Defendants in criminal cases (other than infractions) have the right to have a jury of their peers decide their guilt or innocence. Therefore, before trial, defendants need to decide whether to have a jury trial (where the jury decides if the defendant is guilty or not) or a court trial (where the judge decides) ...

What are the differences between the 2 court systems?

Courts in the federal system work differently in many ways than state courts. The primary difference for civil cases (as opposed to criminal cases) is the types of cases that can be heard in the federal system.

What are the two main types of law in most courts today?

As lawyers know, legal systems in countries around the world generally fall into one of two main categories: common law systems and civil law systems. There are roughly 150 countries that have what can be described as primarily civil law systems, whereas there are about 80 common law countries.

What are the two sides of the criminal law?

the prosecution and defense.

What are the two court systems in Canada?

Superior courts

The trial-level courts hear civil and criminal cases. They may be called the Supreme Court, the Court of Queen's Bench, or the Superior Court of Justice. The appeal-level courts, or Courts of Appeal, hear civil and criminal appeals from the superior trial courts listed above.

What does two court system mean?

The United States is a dual court system where state and federal matters are handled separately. There are two types of courts in the United States — state and federal. You can think about them as parallel tracks that can (though rarely) end up in the U.S. Supreme Court.

What are the different types of courts and their functions?

What are the two elements of crime in Canada?

Common with all criminal offences in Canada are the basic requirements that the Crown must prove there was an action or omission (known as the "actus reus") and that there was a simultaneous criminal intent (known as the "mens rea") within particular circumstance.

What are the two functions of crime?

Durkheim suggested that crimes lead to members of society coming together to condemn the wrong-doer. This helps to create more solid bonds in society as it reinforces the collective conscience of what is morally right and wrong in society. A second function of deviance is to create change.

What are the courts of law in Canada?

There are three levels of courts, similar to those described below, in every Canadian province: Provincial Court, Court of King's Bench, and the Court of Appeal. Appeals can be made from a lower court to a higher court. There are also some federal courts that deal with matters such as citizenship and income tax.

What are the Canadian law courts?

What are the two main sources of law in Canada list and briefly explain?

The law in Canada is made of two parts: Case law and Legislation. Both are primary sources for Canadian law. Case law is made up of the written decisions of judges in court cases and tribunals.

What's the difference between federal court and state court?

State courts are established by the laws of each state and have broad jurisdiction. These courts can hear cases on everything ranging from criminal matters to family law disputes. In contrast, federal courts are established under the U.S. Constitution and have a much narrower jurisdiction.

What are the two parts of the dual court system _____?

Under the United States' system of power-sharing known as “federalism,” the nation's dual court system is composed of two separately operating systems: the federal courts and the state courts. In each case, the court systems or judicial branches operate independently from the executive and legislative branches.

Why is federal court better than state court?

State courts handle by far the larger number of cases, and have more contact with the public than federal courts do. Although the federal courts hear far fewer cases than the state courts, the cases they do hear tend more often to be of national importance. Think of the court cases you have heard the most about.

What is the difference between a judge and a jury?

The judge determines the appropriate law that should be applied to the case and the jury finds the facts in the case based on what is presented to them during the proceedings.

What are the two sides of a trial called?

parties - Plaintiffs and defendants (petitioners and respondents) to lawsuits, also known as appellants and appellees in appeals, and their lawyers. petit jury (or trial jury) - A group of citizens who hear the evidence presented by both sides at trial and determine the facts in dispute.

What are the two sides in a court trial?

Plaintiff & Defendant

If it is not a criminal court case, the person who alleges that something wrong has been done is usually called the Plaintiff. The person accused of having done wrong is usually called the Defendant.

What is the mens rea law?

Overview. Mens rea refers to criminal intent. The literal translation from Latin is "guilty mind." The plural of mens rea is mentes reae. A mens rea​ refers to the state of mind statutorily required in order to convict a particular defendant of a particular crime. See, e.g. Staples v.

What are two key elements for most crimes?

With exceptions, every crime has at least three elements: a criminal act, also called actus reus; a criminal intent, also called mens rea; and concurrence of the two. The term conduct is often used to reflect the criminal act and intent elements.