What are the types of injunctions in the Specific Relief Act?

What are the most common injunctions?

A prohibitory injunction is the most common form of injunction, and directs a party to refrain from acting in a certain manner. Examples of a prohibitory injunction are cease and desist orders such as an order stopping a bulldozer prior to the razing of an historic building.

How many injunctions did Trump have?

According to the Department of Justice, federal courts issued 20 nationwide injunctions against the first Trump Administration in its first year alone, and as of early 2020 had issued 55 such injunctions. Within three weeks of President Trump's inauguration, Judge James L.

What are examples of an injunction?

Injunction Examples

• 1) Infringement Of Intellectual Property. The infringement of intellectual property, even for a day, can be incredibly costly to the owner of the property. ...
• 2) Theft Of Clients. ...
• 3) Minority Shareholder Freezeouts. ...
• 4) Breaches Of Fiduciary Duties. ...
• 5) Breach of Contract. ...
• 6) Bankruptcy.

What is the hardest tort to prove?

The hardest tort to prove often depends on the facts, but Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress (IIED) and complex negligence cases like medical malpractice, toxic torts, or cases involving proving specific intent are notoriously difficult due to high standards for "outrageous conduct," proving causation (especially in medical/toxic cases), or demonstrating malicious intent. Proving causation in medical malpractice and toxic torts requires significant expert testimony and linking a specific act to a severe outcome, while IIED demands proof of extreme behavior and severe distress beyond typical insults. 

What is an interlocutory injunction?

An interlocutory injunction is a court order to compel or prevent a party from doing certain acts pending the final determination of the case. It is an order made at an interim stage during the trial, and is usually issued to maintain the status quo until judgment can be made.

What is Section 37 of the Specific Relief Act?

(1) Temporary injunctions are such as are to continue until a specific time, or until the further order of the court, and they maybe granted at any stage of a suit, and are regulated by the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908).

What is the difference between an injunction and a restraining order?

An injunction is a broad court order to stop or start an action, often used in business or property disputes, while a restraining order (or Injunction for Protection) is a specific type of injunction focused on personal safety, preventing harassment, stalking, or violence, commonly in domestic situations; they are often used interchangeably, but restraining orders are for immediate personal protection (temporary), leading to potentially longer-term injunctions after hearings. A temporary restraining order (TRO) is an emergency, short-term order, while a permanent injunction offers long-term relief. 

What are the three principles of injunction?

While drafting Civil Suits of any kind as well as while seeking certain reliefs even in Writ matters, we often use the three principles of grant of injunction i.e. 'Prima Facie' case, 'Irreparable Injury' and 'Balance of Convenience' to convince the concerned court to either grant an interim injunction during the ...

What are the different kinds of injunctions?

There are three primary forms of injunctions: temporary restraining orders, preliminary injunctions, and permanent injunctions.

What is Section 4 of the Specific Relief Act?

Section 4. Specific relief to be granted only for enforcing individual civil rights and not for enforcing penal laws.

What is permanent injunction under section 38 of Specific Relief Act?

Perpetual injunction when granted. — (1)Subject to the other provisions contained in or referred to by this Chapter, a perpetual injunction may be granted to the plaintiff to prevent the breach of an obligation existing in his favour, whether expressly or by implication.

What is the stupidest court case?

We all know the most famous frivolous lawsuit story. Stella Liebeck sued McDonald's back in 1992 when she spilled hot coffee on herself. "But coffee is meant to be hot" we all cry. Dig a little deeper into the case however and it starts to look less frivolous.

Who bears the burden of proof in tort law?

The claimant must prove that, on the balance of probabilities, the defendant has been negligent or has breached their statutory duties. Proof on the balance of probabilities means proof that it is more likely than not.

What 5 failed areas must be proven by the plaintiff to win a negligence case?

Negligence is a term frequently encountered in personal injury law. To establish negligence in a legal context, five key elements must be proven: duty of care, breach of duty, causation, proximate cause, and damages.

What evidence do you need for an injunction?

To get an injunction, you need evidence showing irreparable harm that money can't fix, proving you'll likely win the case (likelihood of success), that the harm to you outweighs harm to the other party (balance of hardships), and that it serves the public interest, typically backed by specific facts, dates, and evidence like texts, photos, and witness testimony. 

On what grounds can an injunction be granted?

Principles Governing Grant of Interim Injunction: Following conditions must be fulfilled before grant of ad interim injunction under Order 39, rules 1& 2 CPC : (1) Prima facie case (2) Balance of convenience (3) Irreparable loss (4) Bona fide conduct of the party seeking injunction.

What are common reasons for injunctions?

Have You Been Harmed by Any of the Following Actions?

• Breach of contract.
• Release of confidential information.
• Violation of non-compete agreement.
• Client privacy violations.
• Shareholder or partner dispute.
• Management malpractice.
• Trademark violation.

How many lawsuits has Trump filed against people?

From 1973 and until he was elected president in 2016, Donald Trump and his businesses were involved in over 4,000 legal cases in United States federal and state courts, including battles with casino patrons, million-dollar real estate lawsuits, personal defamation lawsuits, and over 100 business tax disputes.

How many pardons has Trump done?

List of people granted executive clemency in the second Trump presidency. In his role as the 47th president of the United States (January 20, 2025 – present), Donald Trump granted executive clemency to more than 1,600 individuals as of July 23, 2025, all of whom were charged or convicted of federal criminal offenses.

Does Trump have to pay E. Jean Carroll?

A jury verdict in May 2023 found Trump liable for sexually abusing and defaming Carroll, and ordered him to pay US$5 million in damages. Trump made an unsuccessful counterclaim and in December 2024 lost his initial appeal.