What happens if you don't pay a promissory note?

Asked by: Hunter Parisian  |  Last update: June 16, 2025
Score: 5/5 (11 votes)

If the borrower does not repay you, your legal recourse could include repossessing any collateral the borrower put up against the note, sending the debt to a collection agency, selling the promissory note (so someone else can try to collect it), or filing a lawsuit against the borrower.

What happens if you can't pay back a promissory note?

If the borrower fails to pay on time or in full, they may be held financially liable for breach of contract. The creditor can pursue civil litigation against them and ask for repayment plus interest, fees, court costs, and other associated damages.

Do promissory notes hold up in court?

Promissory notes are legally binding contracts that can hold up in court if the terms of borrowing and repayment are signed and follow applicable laws.

Can you go to jail for not paying a promissory note?

You cannot go to jail for being unable to repay a debt. Debtors prisons were outlawed nearly two centuries ago. You can be jailed for contempt of court under some circumstances if a court orders you to repay a debt and you refuse.

What happens if the maker of a promissory note fails to pay?

If the maker fails to pay according to the terms of the promissory note, the holder can foreclose on the property that secured the note, thereby recovering the unpaid principal of the note, interest, fees and expenses. An unsecured promissory note is one that is not secured by any collateral.

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Are promissory notes legally binding in Canada?

In the context of business, real estate, or technology law in British Columbia, promissory notes are commonly used as a form of financing or as a means of securing a debt. They are legally binding and enforceable, and can be used to establish the terms of a loan or other financial agreement.

Can you be sued for a promissory note?

A breach of a promissory note occurs when the borrower fails to repay the loan as agreed upon in the note. There are two types of promissory notes: collateralized, where assets act as collateral upon breach, and unsecured, which are only collectible through a lawsuit.

How do you legally enforce a promissory note?

Enforcing a promissory note involves legal processes. If the borrower defaults, the lender can initiate a lawsuit. Courts typically enforce these agreements by examining the note's terms, such as the principal amount, interest rate, and repayment schedule.

What debt can you go to jail for?

Civil Debt

You cannot be arrested or sentenced to prison for not paying off debt such as student loans, credit cards, personal loans, car loans, home loans or medical bills. A debt collector can, however, file a lawsuit against you in state civil court to collect money that you owe.

How long before a debt becomes uncollectible?

Most states or jurisdictions have statutes of limitations between three and six years for debts, but some may be longer. This may also vary depending, for instance, on the: Type of debt. State where you live.

What voids a promissory note?

A promissory note could become invalid if: It isn't signed by both parties. The note violates laws. One party tries to change the terms of the agreement without notifying the other party.

Can a promissory note go to collections?

An unsecured promissory note doesn't involve collateral. In this case, if the borrower doesn't repay the loan, the lender can try to use standard debt-collection procedures.

Is there a time limit on a promissory note?

Promissory notes have a statute of limitations. Depending on which U.S. state you live in, a written loan agreement may expire 3–15 years after creation.

Can a promissory note be forgiven?

Lender shall be entitled to forgive all or a portion of the unpaid principal balance of this Note, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, at any time.

How well does a promissory note hold up in court?

A promissory note crafted by an experienced promissory note lawyer has full legal authority. Moreover, it is both legally binding and enforceable. Uncomplicated routine agreements that do not require expert guidance or complicated contracts may benefit from a simple promissory note.

How do I get out of a promissory note?

To end an agreement made through a promissory note after the borrower has paid back the loan, you can use a release of promissory note form. It marks the deal as completed and helps tie up any loose ends.

Is not paying debt a crime in Canada?

A common concern among debtors is the possibility of jail time for unpaid debts. In Canada, you cannot be imprisoned for failing to pay a debt. The only exception is in cases of fraud or other criminal activities related to the debt.

What's the worst a debt collector can do?

Debt collectors are not permitted to try to publicly shame you into paying money that you may or may not owe. In fact, they're not even allowed to contact you by postcard. They cannot publish the names of people who owe money. They can't even discuss the matter with anyone other than you, your spouse, or your attorney.

What happens after 7 years of not paying debt?

In general, most debt will fall off your credit report after seven years, but some types of debt can stay for up to 10 years or even indefinitely. Certain types of debt or derogatory marks, such as tax liens and paid medical debt collections, will not typically show up on your credit report.

What to do if someone doesn't pay a promissory note?

If the borrower does not repay you, your legal recourse could include repossessing any collateral the borrower put up against the note, sending the debt to a collection agency, selling the promissory note (so someone else can try to collect it), or filing a lawsuit against the borrower.

Can you go to jail for not paying promissory note?

The answer is almost always NO. A judge will not put you in jail for not paying most debts. You can go to jail for not paying child support and for money owed to the IRS if there is criminal fraud involved.

Is a promissory note binding in court?

Yes, a properly executed promissory note is legally binding. As long as the note contains all necessary elements, is signed by the involved parties, and complies with applicable laws, it's enforceable in court if the borrower defaults or fails to meet their obligations.

Does a promissory note go on your record?

What Are the Features of a Promissory Note? The note includes the loan terms, like the interest rate (fixed or adjustable), the late charge amount, the amount of the loan, and the term (number of years). A promissory note isn't recorded in the county land records.

Who is primarily liable on a promissory note?

It is the maker who is primarily liable on a promissory note. The issuer of a note or the maker is one of the parties who, by means of a written promise, pay another party (the note's payee) a definite sum of money, either on demand or at a specified future date.

How do you get money owed on a promissory note?

How To Collect On a Promissory Note
  1. Statute of Limitations. ...
  2. Organize All Related Documentation. ...
  3. Contact the Borrower. ...
  4. Hire an Attorney. ...
  5. Have Your Attorney Contact the Borrower. ...
  6. File Suit Against the Borrower. ...
  7. Enforce the Court's Decision. ...
  8. Collection Through a Third Party.