What is Section 24 of the Indian Evidence Act?
Asked by: Mike Dickinson | Last update: January 30, 2026Score: 5/5 (34 votes)
Section 24 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, states that a confession made by an accused person is irrelevant (inadmissible) in criminal proceedings if it appears to the court to be the result of an inducement, threat, or promise from a person in authority, which would give the accused a reasonable belief they could gain an advantage or avoid harm in connection with the charge. Essentially, it prevents coerced confessions from being used as evidence, ensuring confessions are voluntary and reliable.
What is Section 24 of the Evidence Act?
Under Section 24 when it is in the opinion of the court that a confession of an accused seems to have been caused by inducement, threat, promise or hope of advantage, it is irrelevant and cannot be proved.
What is the burden of proof under the Indian Evidence Act?
Whoever desires any Court to give judgment as to any legal right or liability dependent on the existence of facts which he asserts, must prove that those facts exist. When a person is bound to prove the existence of any fact, it is said that the burden of proof lies on that person.
What is Section 24 of the BSA?
A confession made by an accused person is irrelevant in a criminal proceeding, if the making of the confession appears to the Court to have been caused by any inducement, threat or 1promise having reference to the charge against the accused person, proceeding from a person in authority and sufficient, in the opinion of ...
What is the best evidence rule in the Evidence Act?
The evidence law of India regards the “Best Evidence Rule” as a principle guiding the Indian Evidence Act 1872. By Best Evidence Rule we mean that the secondary evidence won't be applicable when primary evidence exists.
Section 24 Indian Evidence Act
What is the strongest form of evidence in court?
The foundation of the Best Evidence Rule is that the original writing, recording or photograph is the 'best' way to prove the actual content of the evidence.
What are the 4 types of evidence?
The four main types of evidence, especially in legal and academic contexts, are Testimonial (spoken/written statements), Documentary (written records), Physical/Real (tangible items), and Demonstrative (visual aids like charts/diagrams). Other categorizations exist, like evidence for arguments (anecdotal, descriptive, correlational, causal) or textual evidence (quoting, paraphrasing).
What is the purpose of the new provision introduced in section 24 of BSA?
New Explanation II is added in section 24 of Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 so as to clarify that “A trial of more persons than one held in the absence of the accused who has absconded or who fails to comply with a proclamation issued under section 84 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 shall be deemed ...
What is Section 24 of the Constitution?
Everyone has the right— (a) to an environment that is not harmful to their health or wellbeing; and (b) to have the environment protected, for the benefit of present and future generations, through reasonable legislative and other measures that— (i) prevent pollution and ecological degradation; (ii) promote ...
What is relevancy of facts under Indian Evidence Act?
All facts are relevant which are capable of affording any reasonable presumption as to fact in issue or the principal matter in dispute. 1) When facts are so related as to render the existence or non-existence of other facts probable according to common course of events or human conduct, they are called relevant.
Who must prove the burden of proof?
The burden of proof, sometimes known as the “onus”, is the requirement to satisfy that standard. In criminal cases, the burden of proof is on the prosecution, and the standard required of them is that they prove the case against the defendant “beyond reasonable doubt”.
What counts as strong evidence?
Scientific evidence varies in quality. High quality or strong evidence is that for which the change in scientists' belief in the truth of the claim is large, weak evidence is that for which the change is small.
What is the presumption of survivorship?
noun. Law. a presumption that one of two or more related persons was the last to die in a common disaster, made so that the estates may be settled and the final heirs determined.
What is the burden of proof under this Act?
California Code, Evidence Code - EVID § 115
“Burden of proof” means the obligation of a party to establish by evidence a requisite degree of belief concerning a fact in the mind of the trier of fact or the court.
What is Section 24 Offences against the person?
24. Maliciously administering poison, &c. with intent to injure, aggrieve, or annoy any other person. 25.
What constitutes clear and convincing evidence?
According to the Supreme Court in Colorado v. New Mexico, 467 U.S. 310 (1984), "clear and convincing” means that the evidence is highly and substantially more likely to be true than untrue. In other words, the fact finder must be convinced that the contention is highly probable.
What does article 24 specifically prohibit?
Article 24 prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine, or hazardous occupation. The intention is to prevent exploitation, safeguard the health and development of children, and ensure their access to education.
What does the 24th Amendment mean in simple terms?
On this date in 1962, the House passed the Twenty-fourth Amendment, outlawing the poll tax as a voting requirement in federal elections, by a vote of 295 to 86. At the time, five states maintained poll taxes which disproportionately affected African-American voters: Virginia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Texas.
What is Section 24 of the Constitution Act?
24 (1) Anyone whose rights or freedoms, as guaranteed by this Charter, have been infringed or denied may apply to a court of competent jurisdiction to obtain such remedy as the court considers appropriate and just in the circumstances.
Can evidence be recorded in absence of accused?
If it is proved that an accused person has absconded, and that there is no immediate prospect of arresting him, the Court competent to try or commit for trial such person for the offence complained of, may, in his absence, examine the witnesses (if any) produced on behalf of the prosecution, and record their ...
What is the BSA section 24?
When more persons than one are being tried jointly for the same offence, and a confession made by one of such persons affecting himself and some other of such persons is proved, the Court may take into consideration such confession as against such other person as well as against the person who makes such confession.
What is the best evidence rule in BSA?
The best evidence rule specifies that the original or primary evidence must be produced in court, unless an exception applies. Secondary evidence can only be provided if the original is unavailable. The rule aims to prevent fraud and ensure the court receives accurate, unaltered evidence.
What is the strongest type of evidence?
Direct evidence is the strongest type of evidence as it can prove that something happened and link someone to an incident. Direct evidence can be CCTV footage, eyewitnesses or digital and physical evidence. For example, an individual makes a social media post targeting another employee.
What evidence is not admissible in court?
Evidence not admissible in court often includes hearsay, illegally obtained evidence, irrelevant evidence, prior bad acts, and privileged communications, as well as overly prejudicial or speculative information, all of which violate legal rules, constitutional rights (like the 5th Amendment), or basic fairness to prevent misleading juries and protect rights.
What is the burden of proof?
The burden of proof requires a party to produce evidence to establish the truth of facts needed to satisfy all the required legal elements of the dispute. It is also known as the onus of proof. The burden of proof is usually on the person who brings a claim in a dispute.