What is the 101 102 and 103 Amendment?
Asked by: Dr. Kelly Schuppe | Last update: March 29, 2026Score: 4.8/5 (45 votes)
The 101st, 102nd, and 103rd Amendments to the Constitution of India represent significant reforms in taxation, social justice, and economic affirmative action, enacted between 2016 and 2019.
What is the 102 and 103 amendment?
The document outlines several amendments to the Indian Constitution, including the 101st Amendment introducing GST for a unified tax system, the 102nd Amendment constitutionalizing the National Commission for Backward Classes, and the 103rd Amendment providing 10% reservation for economically weaker sections.
What is the 101 amendment?
The Constitution Amendment Bill was passed by more than 15 States and received Hon'ble President's assent on 8th of September, 2016 and has been enacted as the 101st Constitution Amendment Act, 2016 conferring simultaneous power upon Parliament and the State Legislatures to make laws governing goods and services tax ...
What is the 102 amendment?
India passed the 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act on August 11, 2018. This Act gave constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC), which had originally been set up in 1993. Article 338B was introduced to formally establish the NCBC as a constitutional body.
What does the 103rd amendment cover?
The 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019, introduced by the Parliament of India, provides a reservation of 10% in education and government jobs for the Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) of society not belonging to the Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), or Other Backward Classes (OBC).
First 10 Amendments - Explained by a Lawyer
What are criticisms of the 103rd amendment?
The current amendment violates the principle of equality because it undermines the constitutional identity of the Articles enshrined in the Equality Code, and the Parliament has overreached in enacting this Amendment. Furthermore, the Amendment is in violation of the Basic Structure's 50% Rule.
What is the 104 constitutional amendment?
The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2020 extends SCs/STs seat reservations in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies until 2030 while abolishing the Anglo-Indian reserved seats. It also amends Article 334 to reflect these changes.
What is the longest amendment?
U.S. Constitution - Twenty-Seventh Amendment | Resources | Constitution Annotated | Congress.gov | Library of Congress.
What is the 112th Amendment?
The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, ...
What is Section 102 of the Constitution?
102. (1) If the National Assembly, by a vote supported by a majority of its members, passes a motion of no confidence in the Cabinet excluding the President, the President must reconstitute the Cabinet.
What is the difference between the 101 and 122 Amendment?
The correct answer is 101. GST was introduced as the 101 Amendment Act. By a constitutional amendment bill 122nd amendment bill the new taxation regime is to be implemented in India, from April 2016. The Bill proposes to replace the current Indian tax regime which is multi-tiered.
What is the First Amendment 101?
No law shall be passed impairing the freedom of speech; every person shall be free to speak, write or publish whatever he will on any subject, being responsible for all abuse of that liberty; and in all suits and prosecutions for libel the truth thereof may be given in evidence, and the jury, under the direction of the ...
What is the 110th Amendment of the Constitution?
Offices of Chairpersons in Panchayats shall be reserved for SC/STs and women in a manner to be prescribed the state legislatures. The reservation shall be in proportion to the population of SC/STs in the state.
What does Article 103 talk about?
Article 103 of the Constitution of India talks about the disqualification of a member of Parliament and its reference to the President of India. The article makes it compulsory for the President to ask the opinion of the Election Commission of India and work accordingly before announcing the decision.
Can a state Constitution conflict with the US?
The Supremacy Clause refers to the foundational principle that, in general, federal law takes precedence over any conflicting state law.
How many amendments until 2025?
As of July 2025, there have been 106 amendments of the Constitution of India since it was first enacted in 1950.
Why is the 27th Amendment a thing?
Originally meant to be added to Article I, Section 6 of the Constitution, the proposed amendment was designed to prevent corruption in the Legislative Branch, since none of the Congress members would be paid more in their salaries before being voted out of office.
Why can't the President and Vice President be from the same state?
The upshot of this rule is that presidential candidates have refrained from selecting a running mate who lives in the same state that they do, lest they risk losing either the presidential or vice presidential votes from electors from their shared home state.
What is the 24nd Amendment?
Constitutional Amendments – Amendment 24 – “Elimination of Poll Taxes” Amendment Twenty-four to the Constitution was ratified on January 23, 1964. It abolished and forbids the federal and state governments from imposing taxes on voters during federal elections.
What is only 52 words long in the Constitution?
The preamble is an introduction to the highest law of the land; it is not the law. It does not define government powers or individual rights. Establish Justice is the first of five objectives outlined in the 52-word paragraph that the Framers drafted in six weeks during the hot Philadelphia summer of 1787.
Why is part 7 removed?
Part VII of the Indian Constitution was repealed by the Seventh Amendment Act of 1956 because it dealt with Part B States (former princely states) that became redundant after India reorganized its states on a linguistic basis, making the old classification of Part A, B, C states obsolete and establishing the modern system of States and Union Territories, as explained in sources like IAS Origin and Testbook.
What is the 42th Amendment of the Constitution?
The 42nd Amendment granted power to the President, in consultation with the Election Commission, to disqualify members of State Legislatures. Prior to the Amendment, this power was vested in the Governor of the State.
What is the 95 amendment?
The amendment increases all offense levels, but in particular provides enhanced punishment for victimization of minors and children. Effective Date: The effective date of this amendment is November 1, 1989.
What is the 105 amendment?
The One Hundred and Fifth Amendment (or 105th Constitutional Amendment) to the Constitution of India- officially known as Constitution (One Hundred and Fifth Amendment) Act, 2021- restored the power of State governments to recognise socially and educationally backward classes (SEBCs).
What is the 126th amendment?
The 126th Amendment Bill substituted seventy years of reservations for the SC and ST community to 80 years. Concerning the nomination of members of the Anglo-Indian community, it chose to maintain the status quo by substituting the words '70 years'.