What is the 15 U.S. Code 13?
Asked by: Dr. Laurianne Medhurst | Last update: July 17, 2026Score: 4.7/5 (2 votes)
15 U.S. Code § 13 is the cornerstone of U.S. antitrust law that prohibits anticompetitive price discrimination. Better known as the Robinson-Patman Act (or the Anti-Price Discrimination Act), it prevents sellers from offering different prices to different buyers for the same commodities, ensuring a fair and level playing field for all businesses.
What is the 15 US Code 13a?
It shall be unlawful for any person engaged in commerce, in the course of such commerce, to be a party to, or assist in, any transaction of sale, or contract to sell, which discriminates to his knowledge against competitors of the purchaser, in that, any discount, rebate, allowance, or advertising service charge is ...
Is it illegal to charge different prices to different customers?
Yes, it is generally legal to charge different people different prices, a practice known as price discrimination or dynamic pricing. It is legal to offer varied pricing based on factors like demand, loyalty programs, time of purchase, or negotiation. However, it is illegal if the price differences are based on protected characteristics (race, gender, religion) or violate antitrust laws designed to stifle competition.
What is title 15 US code?
§ 1 - U.S. Code - Unannotated Title 15. Commerce and Trade § 1. Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty. Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal.
Who is protected by the Robinson-Patman Act?
The Robinson-Patman Act was intended to protect small retailers from pricing that favored bigger corporations, but it also protects consumers from similar unfair pricing schemes. Enforcement dropped off after the late 1970s.
15 USC 1692g EXPLAINED (NO LEGALESE)
Which president was anti-monopoly?
His pursuit of antitrust litigation in particular earned him the nickname "the Trust Buster". Roosevelt prioritized conservation and established national parks, forests, and monuments to preserve U.S. natural resources. In foreign policy, he focused on Central America, beginning construction of the Panama Canal.
What is forbidden by antitrust law?
Federal Antitrust Laws
Section 1 prohibits combinations or conspiracies in restraint of trade, and section 2 prohibits monopolization. The majority of state antitrust laws are modeled after the Sherman Act. The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914. Section 7 prohibits anticompetitive mergers and acquisitions.
What are my rights under 15 USC 1692?
Harassing or Abusive Practices – 15 U.S.C. 1692d
A debt collector in collecting a debt, may not harass, oppress, or abuse any person. For example, a debt collector may not: • Use or threaten to use violence or other criminal means to harm the physical person, reputation, or property of any person.
Why would someone get an article 15?
An Article 15 (non-judicial punishment) is used by military commanders to discipline service members for minor to moderate offenses under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) without a court-martial. Common infractions leading to an Article 15 include unauthorized absence (AWOL), disobedience of orders, dereliction of duty, disrespect, and minor drug or alcohol-related incidents.
What is Section 15 of the Criminal Code?
15 No person shall be convicted of an offence in respect of an act or omission in obedience to the laws for the time being made and enforced by persons in de facto possession of the sovereign power in and over the place where the act or omission occurs.
What pricing method is illegal?
Predatory or Below-Cost Pricing.
What is Section 42 of the consumer Rights Act?
Substandard digital content – under sections 42-44 of the Act, where the digital content does not meet the standards of the Quality Rights, detailed above, the consumer is entitled to (i) repair or replacement; or (ii) where repair or replacement is not possible or cannot be achieved in a reasonable time, or without ...
What discrimination is illegal in the US?
Federal laws in the U.S. prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex (including pregnancy, sexual orientation, and gender identity), national origin, age (40 or older), disability, and genetic information. These protections cover employment, housing, education, and public accommodations, and make it illegal to retaliate against someone for reporting discrimination.
What is title 13 of the US code?
Title 13 of the United States Code is the federal law governing the U.S. Census Bureau and all census-related activities. It mandates the collection of population data, authorizes surveys like the American Community Survey, and strictly protects the confidentiality of individual or business information, with violations resulting in severe penalties.
What is the 15 US Code 2?
15 U.S.C. § 2 is the federal statute (Section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act) that makes monopolizing, attempting to monopolize, or conspiring to monopolize trade or commerce illegal. It serves to protect consumers and businesses from exclusionary and predatory market behavior.
What is Section 13 of the consumer Rights Act?
Section 13: Goods to match a sample
This differs from the following section (Goods to match a model seen or examined) in that a sample is usually only a representative part of the whole goods in question. An example is a consumer buying curtains after having looked at a swatch of the material.
Is article 15 a felony?
No, an Article 15 is not a felony or a criminal conviction. It is a form of non-judicial punishment (NJP) used for minor offenses under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). It is an administrative action meant to maintain discipline without creating a criminal record.
What are some examples of article 15 violations?
Common Article 15 Offenses (With Examples)
When people ask, “What are Article 15 offenses?”, they're usually referring to a predictable list of violations. Common NJP offenses include: AWOL or late reporting. Failure to obey a lawful order.
How long are you flagged with an article 15?
Anyhow, you can flag for any amount of time less than 45 days for a FG article 15. Punishments involving confinement and courts-martials are a bit different. Edit: You can have 60 days of restriction without extra duty with a field grade.
What are the 11 words to stop a debt collector?
The 11-word phrase often cited to stop debt collectors is: "Please cease and desist all calls and contact with me immediately.". While this phrase (or similar) can halt communication under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), it must be sent in writing to be fully effective and does not erase the debt.
Can ACI visit your home?
Additionally, ACI cannot enter your home or take your belongings unless there is a court order in place. Only after a County Court Judgment (CCJ) has been issued can they send bailiffs to visit your property.
What's the worst thing a debt collector can do?
Here are some things debt collectors are legally not allowed to do:
- Call you before 8 a.m. or after 9 p.m.
- Lie and say you'll go to jail.
- Harass, threaten, or yell.
- Call your employer if you tell them not to.
- Talk to anyone else about your debt.
What is the most common antitrust violation?
Common examples of these sorts of agreements would be price fixing, companies agreeing to set an arbitrarily high price; concerted refusals to deal, companies getting together and refusing to buy or sell from a specific supplier or group; and market division, companies agreeing to leave each other's territories alone.
What is the Antitrust Law for dummies?
Antitrust laws are regulations designed to promote market competition, prevent monopolies, and protect consumers from price-fixing, unfair business practices, and anticompetitive mergers. By ensuring businesses compete fairly, these laws aim to lower prices, improve product quality, and drive innovation.
Which activity is illegal under U.S. antitrust laws?
Federal antitrust laws, primarily the Sherman Antitrust Act, the Clayton Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act, prohibit several specific activities that unfairly restrain trade or reduce competition.