What is the Canadian hierarchy of law?

What is the chain of command in Canada?

Formally, there is a direct chain of command from the monarch to the governor general, through the chief of the Defence Staff to all of the officers who hold the King's Commission, and, through them, to all members of the Canadian Forces.

What is the line of succession in Canada?

As in the other Commonwealth realms, the current heir apparent to the Canadian throne is William, Prince of Wales, who is followed in the line of succession by his eldest child, Prince George.

What is the hierarchy of courts in Ontario?

The Court of Ontario has two divisions: The Superior Court of Justice (the higher or general division) The Ontario Court of Justice (the lower or provincial division)

How many levels of courts are there in Canada?

There are three levels of courts, similar to those described below, in every Canadian province: Provincial Court, Court of King's Bench, and the Court of Appeal. Appeals can be made from a lower court to a higher court. There are also some federal courts that deal with matters such as citizenship and income tax.

What two principles is the Canadian justice system founded on?

Canada's legal system is based on a heritage that includes the rule of law, freedom under the law, democratic principles and due process.

What is the hierarchy of laws?

In the United States, laws are enacted, interpreted, and enforced at the federal, state, and local level. All three levels contain some form of constitution, laws enacted by a legislative body, and rules promulgated by bureaucratic agencies, panels, boards, and commissions.

What is the highest hierarchy of law?

Of the three sources of law, constitutional law is considered the highest and should not be supplanted by either of the other two sources of law. Pursuant to principles of federal supremacy, the federal or US Constitution is the most preeminent source of law, and state constitutions cannot supersede it.

What is the highest level of law in Canada?

The Constitution is the supreme law of Canada; all other laws must be consistent with the rules set out in it. If they are not, they may not be valid. Since the Charter is part of the Constitution, it is the most important law we have in Canada. However, the rights and freedoms in the Charter are not absolute.

Is the government above the law in Canada?

The rule of law means that no one is above the law. Everyone — including politicians, police officers, and wealthy individuals — must obey the law. All Canadians must respect the law even if they disagree with it.

Does federal law override provincial law in Canada?

Under this doctrine, a provincial law that conflicts with a federal law will be inoperative to the extent of the conflict. This means the federal legislation takes precedence over the provincial.

Is federal law higher than state law?

See Preemption; constitutional clauses. Article VI, Paragraph 2 of the U.S. Constitution is commonly referred to as the Supremacy Clause. It establishes that the federal constitution, and federal law generally, take precedence over state laws, and even state constitutions.

How do you address a judge in Canada?

Counsel are asked to refrain from addressing the judges as "My Lord", "My Lady", "Your Lordship," or "Your Ladyship." In writing, the Chief Justice is addressed as "The Right Honourable" and the other judges are addressed as "The Honourable Madame Justice" or as "The Honourable Mr. Justice".

What is the highest court in Canada called?

The Supreme Court of Canada consists of nine judges, including a chief justice to be called the Chief Justice of Canada. All judges are appointed by the Governor in Council and must have been either a judge of a superior court or a member of at least ten years' standing of the bar of a province or territory.

Which court hears the most serious criminal cases in Canada?

The Superior Court of Justice is a superior court of criminal jurisdiction. The Court has the power to try any indictable offence under the Criminal Code of Canada. However, the Superior Court generally only tries the most serious criminal offences.

What is the hierarchy of Canadian civil courts?

The court system is roughly the same across Canada. Except for Nunavut, each province has three levels: provincial and territorial, or lower, courts; superior courts; and appeal courts.

What is the hierarchy of court titles?

The federal court system has three main levels: district courts (the trial court), circuit courts which are the first level of appeal, and the Supreme Court of the United States, the final level of appeal in the federal system.

What is the lowest court in Ontario?

The Ontario Court of Justice is the lower level provincial court. It can hear cases about offences committed under provincial laws, as well as criminal and family cases. The Ontario Court of Justice is also considered a youth court for the purposes of the Youth Criminal Justice Act.

Who has the most authority in Canada?

In Canada, executive authority is formally vested in the Crown (the Sovereign), and it is exercised in its name by the Governor General, acting on the advice of the Prime Minister and the cabinet.

Who are the 5 people in the line of succession?

Who is second in command in Canada?

The Honourable Chrystia Freeland is Canada's Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance. Ms. Freeland was first elected as the Member of Parliament for Toronto Centre in July, 2013.