What is the rule 45 subpoena 100 miles?

Asked by: Prof. Israel Green  |  Last update: January 24, 2026
Score: 4.6/5 (53 votes)

Rule 45(c)(1) provides that the “place of compliance” for subpoenas and the geographical scope of a court's authority to command a witness to testify at a trial, hearing, or deposition are: “(A) within 100 miles of where the person resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person; or (B) within the state ...

How many miles is a Rule 45 subpoena?

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure (“FRCP”) 45(c) restricts federal courts' powers to compel testimony from a third-party witness in civil litigation to locations: (1) “within 100 miles of where the person resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person;” or (2) within the state of residence, employment, ...

What is the rule 45 objection to a subpoena?

The Subpoena Requires the Disclosure of Privileged or Confidential Information. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45 allows a court to quash a subpoena that requires a party to produce certain sensitive information.

What is the 100 mile bulge rule for personal jurisdiction?

(b) 100 mile bulge rule—parties can be served anywhere within 100 miles of the federal court, regardless if the court sits in another state.

What is the rule 45 subpoena in Texas?

FRCP 45(b): Any person who is at least 18 years old and not a party may serve a subpoena by delivering a copy to the named person. TRCP 176.5: A subpoena must be served by a sheriff, constable, or any person who is not a party and is at least 18 years of age by delivering a copy to the named person.

F R C P 45 - Motion to Quash Subpoena explained by Attorney Steve®

33 related questions found

What is the 100 mile rule for subpoenas?

A subpoena may command: (A) production of documents, electronically stored information, or tangible things at a place within 100 miles of where the person resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person; and (B) inspection of premises at the premises to be inspected.

How long does it take to respond to a rule 45 subpoena?

Follow Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 45(b). Pursuant to Rule 45(d)(2)(B), the party has 14 days to respond after service of the subpoena, or the party must respond before the time specified for compliance in the subpoena if it is less than 14 days.

What does the 100 mile rule apply to?

The FHA 100 Mile Rule makes sure FHA loans are used for homes people live in, not for investment properties. If you want to use rental income to qualify for the second loan, the new home must be more than 100 miles away from your current one.

What is the 100 mile border rule?

Originating in a decades-old federal statute, CBP has the authority to conduct stops and searches within a “reasonable distance” of a border, defined by regulation as 100 miles. This “100-mile zone” has been used for permanent and temporary internal checkpoints and roving stops.

What are the 5 reasonableness factors?

FIVE REASONABLENESS FACTORS:
  • P's interest in having claim adjudicated in that forum.
  • Burden on the D.
  • Forum state's interests.
  • Interest of Interstate judicial system in resolving the dispute.
  • Shared interest of the several states.

What is the rule 45 subpoena undue burden?

Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45(d)(1), “a party or attorney responsible for issuing and serving a subpoena must take reasonable steps to avoid imposing undue burden or expense on a person subject to the subpoena” and the court “must enforce this duty and impose an appropriate sanction[.]” Under Rule 45(d)(3)(A ...

What is Rule 45 subpoena deadline?

Non-parties must be hyper-vigilant when calendaring the due date for their objections to a subpoena that specifically or implicitly seeks ESI. Under Rule 45(c)(2)(B), the objections are due 14 days after service unless the subpoena specifies a later time.

What is rule 45?

A person commanded to produce documents, electronically stored information, or tangible things, or to permit the inspection of premises, need not appear in person at the place of production or inspection unless also commanded to appear for a deposition, hearing, or trial.

How to serve rule 45 subpoena?

Personal Service: Pursuant to FRCP Rule 45(b)(1) a subpoena must be personally delivered to the person whose attendance is required by the subpoena. A person who serves the subpoena must be at least 18 years of age. A person who serves the subpoena cannot be a party to the proceeding under which the subpoena is issued.

What makes a subpoena invalid?

A court must quash or modify a subpoena if it does not allow a reasonable time to comply, requires travel of more than 100 miles, requires disclosure of privileged information, or creates an undue burden.

How do I get out of a subpoena?

If you have been served with a subpoena to testify in a criminal trial in Santa Rosa, CA and you do not want to testify, your best course of action is to contact a criminal defense attorney who can help you work with the prosecutor and/or lawyer for the defendant to see if you can avoid going to court.

What is the 100 mile limit?

The federal government defines a “reasonable distance” as 100 air miles from any external boundary of the U.S. So, combining this federal regulation and the federal law regarding warrantless vehicle searches, CBP claims authority to board a bus or train without a warrant anywhere within this 100-mile zone.

What is the personal jurisdiction 100 mile Rule?

Additionally, FRCP Rule 4(k) authorizes federal courts, in particular situations, to exercise personal jurisdiction over certain persons within 100 miles of the courthouse, regardless of whether those 100 miles cross state lines.

Can I refuse a search at the border?

Agents may search any person, the inside of any vehicle, and all passenger belongings. Agents do not need a warrant, any suspicion of wrongdoing, or consent to do any of these things.

What is the 100 mile subpoena rule?

Rule 45(c)(1) provides that the “place of compliance” for subpoenas and the geographical scope of a court's authority to command a witness to testify at a trial, hearing, or deposition are: “(A) within 100 miles of where the person resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person; or (B) within the state ...

How do I prepare for 100 miles?

16 tips to running a 100-miler
  1. Determine your personal “why.” There will be times when you want to quit, or question why you are on this journey. ...
  2. Get a trusted coach. ...
  3. Lock in nutrition. ...
  4. On your feet. ...
  5. Commit to cross training. ...
  6. Incorporate biking into the plan. ...
  7. Understand the race course.

What is the FHA 100 mile rule for departure residence?

A key factor in this decision is understanding the 100-mile rule regarding FHA loans. Simply put, if you want to use the potential rental income from your current home to help qualify for a new mortgage, you generally need to relocate to a place more than 100 miles away from your existing residence.

Can a subpoena be refused?

However, there may be some situations where a person can refuse a subpoena. Firstly, it's important to note that a subpoena is a legally binding order, and generally, it cannot be refused. However, there are a few situations where a person can challenge or object to a subpoena.

What is the most appropriate response to subpoena?

Do not ignore the subpoena. For many subpoenas, if you do not make objections within 7 to 14 days of receipt of the subpoena, you forever waive the right to object to all or any portion of the subpoena. Therefore, when you receive a subpoena, get in touch with your attorney right away.

When can a subpoena be ignored?

If the Subpoena is from US Senate or Congress, you can ignore it forever because no one ever enforces them. However, if it is from a Court of Law, or USA Criminal Court you will need to ask your Attorney or hire an attorney pronto. You will probably have to “substantially” comply with the subpoena.