What states haven't ratified the 28th amendment?
Asked by: Karli Mante Sr. | Last update: January 31, 2026Score: 4.8/5 (18 votes)
There isn't a formal "28th Amendment" ratified by all states; the proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is what people refer to, and while 38 states have ratified it (meeting the constitutional requirement), some states never ratified it by the original deadlines or rescinded their support, including Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada (ratified 2017), North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, and Virginia (ratified 2020). The ERA faces legal challenges regarding its validity due to expired deadlines and rescissions, leaving its status in limbo despite meeting the 38-state threshold, notes the Brennan Center and Center for American Progress.
Which states have not ratified the 28th amendment?
Arizona, Utah, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Missouri, Arkansas, Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Florida, North Carolina and South Carolina have not ratified the Equal Rights Amendment. Washington and Hawaii both ratified the amendment on March 22, 1972, immediately after Congress sent it to the states.
Has the 28th amendment been officially ratified?
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) is the 28th Amendment to the United States Constitution, which protects the equality of rights under the law regardless of sex. While the ERA is fully ratified and was recognized by a US President as the law of the land, it has yet to be officially published in the Constitution.
Which three states did not ratify the Constitution?
In fact, North Carolina and Rhode Island did not ratify the Constitution until November 1789 and May 1790, respectively. They did so only after the First Congress sent 12 amendment proposals to the states for ratification. Everything rested on the three remaining states: New Hampshire, Virginia, and New York.
Which two states did not ratify prohibition?
Eventually, only two states—Connecticut and Rhode Island—opted out of ratifying it. On October 28, 1919, Congress passed enabling legislation, known as the Volstead Act, to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment when it went into effect in 1920.
Is the Equal Rights Amendment the 28th Amendment?
What is the strictest state for alcohol?
It's no secret to many that Utah tops this list of states with the strictest alcohol regulations. As an example, Opens a new window Utah's Department of Alcoholic Beverage Services, or DABS, keeps a tight lid on beer that is sold in grocery and convenience stores.
Which two states refused to approve the Constitution?
The two states that initially voted against ratifying the U.S. Constitution were North Carolina and Rhode Island, both holding out until after the new government was established, with Rhode Island refusing to send delegates and North Carolina delaying ratification until a Bill of Rights was promised.
Why did North Carolina refuse to ratify the Constitution?
The debate resulted in the delegates voting 184 to 84 to neither ratify nor reject the Constitution, and North Carolina was not part of the Union until the 1789 Fayetteville Convention. One of the major reasons why North Carolina didn't ratify the Constitution was the lack of Bill of Rights.
When did the US go from 48 to 50 states?
The U.S. went from 48 to 50 states in 1959, with Alaska becoming the 49th state on January 3, 1959, and Hawaii becoming the 50th state on August 21, 1959, making them the last two states admitted to the Union. Before 1959, the contiguous 48 states were completed with the admission of New Mexico (47th) in 1912 and Arizona (48th) in 1912.
What is the only state to meet and reject the Constitution?
Rhode Island was the only state not to send delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. Then, when asked to convene a state convention to ratify the Constitution, Rhode Island instead sent the ratification question to individual towns asking them to vote.
Is there a new 28th amendment?
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) became the 28th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution when Virginia was the 38th state to ratify in 2020.
Can the president and vice president be from the same state?
The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, ...
Did the founding fathers base the Constitution on the Bible?
Ours is a nation founded upon Christian principles. But that does not mean the Founding Fathers created a Christian government; it means that they were guided by the teachings of the Bible in drafting a unique Constitution, which still remains as the law of the land, with only 27 amendments.
What was the deadline for the 28th amendment?
The Equal Rights Amendment was originally proposed to the states in 1972. The original proposal included a deadline for ratification of March 22, 1979; Congress subsequently extended the deadline to June 30, 1982.
What are the 4 unratified amendments?
These unratified amendments address the size of the U.S. House (1789), foreign titles of nobility (1810), slavery (1861), child labor (1924), equal rights for women (1972), and representation for the District of Columbia (1978).
Why did states refuse to ratify the Constitution?
Anti-Federalists feared that the Constitution concentrated too much power in the federal government at the expense of states' rights. They also criticized the absence of a Bill of Rights, arguing that the Constitution did not adequately protect individual liberties.
Why are there 52 stars on the American flag?
The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states and the 13 stripes represent the original Thirteen Colonies that rebelled against the British crown and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include "the Stars and Stripes", "Old Glory", and "the Star-Spangled Banner".
What is the friendliest U.S. state?
While subjective, recent studies and surveys frequently name Minnesota the friendliest U.S. state, known for "Minnesota Nice," followed by Southern states like Tennessee, South Carolina, and Texas, with Wyoming also ranking high due to its trusting residents; however, Hawaii is also often praised for its welcoming, community-focused culture. Different studies highlight varying aspects, from general politeness to tourist experience, but Midwestern and Southern states often dominate these lists.
Which state is the cheapest to live in?
Mississippi is consistently ranked as the cheapest state to live in due to extremely low housing costs, affordable groceries, utilities, and low property taxes, with other contenders for affordability often including Alabama, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Kansas, and West Virginia, which also boast low overall expenses and affordable housing markets.
What states rejected the Constitution?
Two states, North Carolina and Rhode Island, refused to ratify the new plan of government. Those who opposed the adoption of the Constitution were known as the Antifederalists. Many feared centralized power. Many doubted the ability of Americans to sustain a continental republic.
What does 12th state mean?
On November 21, 1789, North Carolina became the 12th state to ratify the United States Constitution. In the run-up to the American Civil War, North Carolina declared its secession from the Union on May 20, 1861, becoming the tenth of eleven states to join the Confederate States of America.
What would happen if a southern state refused to ratify the 14th Amendment?
When Southern states refused to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress placed the whole region of the country under military rule. Soldiers were sent to see that the freedmen were allowed to have the same rights as whites.
Which state did not join the others when writing the US Constitution?
Rhode Island did not participate in the Constitutional Convention. The Americana Collection houses a complete set of documents that includes the signatures of the 39 signers of the Constitution.
What two amendments did not make the Bill of Rights?
We also know that the First and Second Amendments of the original 12 amendments were not officially ratified. Nine of fourteen states voted in favor of the original First Amendment: Delaware and Pennsylvania voted “no.” Two more votes were needed for passage if we follow the 11/14 requirement.
Who was the first US state?
The first state in the United States was Delaware, which ratified the U.S. Constitution on December 7, 1787, becoming the first of the original thirteen colonies to join the Union and earning the nickname "The First State".