Can I use one last name if I have two?

Asked by: Prof. Dolores Ruecker IV  |  Last update: March 31, 2026
Score: 4.9/5 (73 votes)

Yes, you can often use just one of your two last names socially or informally, but for official purposes (like IDs, taxes, passports), you usually need to use your full legal name, which might be both names (hyphenated or not) if you've legally added them, or stick to the single name you've chosen as your primary legal one, so consistency is key for official documents.

Can you use one last name if you have two?

Nowadays, couples can choose any combination of surnames for official use (although their legal name will remain unchanged).

Can you legally have two last names without a hyphen?

Yes, you can absolutely have two last names without a hyphen, either by choice or tradition (like in some Hispanic cultures or for married couples), but it's crucial to be consistent with legal documents, as some systems might interpret the first name as a middle name or require a specific format for official identification like passports or licenses, though it's generally legal as long as it's not for fraud. 

What are the rules for last names?

No apostrophes are needed. EVER.

  • For most last names, simply add an "s" Anderson -> The Andersons. Mitchell -> The Mitchells. ...
  • For last names ending in S, CH, SH, X or Z add an "es" Davis -> The Davises. Koch -> The Koches. ...
  • When in doubt, always stick with "The ______ Family." Only use an apostrophe to denote possession.

What happens if two people have the same last name?

Many people ask the question, are people with the same last name related? Surnames can be shared between unrelated people without a biological relationship. Just because two people share the same does not mean they are related. There are many common surnames.

What Last Name Should My Child Use If My Child Has A Hyphenated Last Name?

16 related questions found

What is the 2 2 2 2 rule in marriage?

The 2-2-2 rule is a relationship guideline for couples to maintain connection by scheduling intentional time together: a date night every 2 weeks, a weekend away every 2 months, and a week-long vacation every 2 years, helping to prioritize the relationship amidst daily stresses and routines. It's a framework for regular quality time, communication, and fun, originating from a Reddit post and gaining traction for preventing couples from drifting apart by focusing on consistent connection. 

Can you legally combine last names?

Surname blending

Couples may choose to adopt a blended name to enter into marriage "with a completely new start without any history being tied to their surname". Name blending confers the same surname upon both spouses.

Is Chris's or Chris correct?

Both "Chris's" and "Chris'" are acceptable for showing possession, but "Chris's" (adding 's) is often preferred for clarity and pronunciation, especially in American English, though some style guides (like AP) favor "Chris'" (just an apostrophe) for singular proper nouns ending in 's', so consistency within your writing is key. 

What is the point of having a last name?

In the modern era, governments have enacted laws to require people to adopt surnames. This served the purpose of uniquely identifying subjects for taxation purposes or for inheritance.

Why is 1069 banned as a name?

1069 is considered an illegal baby name in some U.S. states because it's a number, and many jurisdictions prohibit numerals, symbols, or names that could cause administrative confusion or ridicule, stemming from court cases in states like North Dakota and Minnesota that denied requests for purely numerical names. Courts ruled that numbers aren't suitable for legal identification and can create issues with forms and databases, although the specific number 1069 gained notoriety from a man's failed attempt to legally change his name to it in the 1970s. 

Can I put two last names on my birth certificate?

Not interchangeable, but you can have multiple last names . My culture is famous for having multiple last names because we typically do mother's last name +father's last name for babies, but this can really add up after a few generations or when you factor in hyphenated first and middle names.

What's the rarest last name?

There's no single "rarest" last name globally, as it depends on location and data, but names like Afify, Allaband, Zzyzx (US), or even extinct ones like Marsvin (Danish) are extremely rare, often held by fewer than a handful of people, with some potentially on the verge of disappearing entirely, making them candidates for the rarest in specific regions or globally, according to census data and genealogy records. 

What are the disadvantages of having two last names?

The Hidden Challenges of Hyphenated Last Names

  • The Struggle with Forms and Paperwork.
  • Families Can Be Complicated When it Comes to Family Issues.
  • Clarifying Your Name is a Constant Need.
  • The Guilt Of Making It Complicated.
  • The Generational Cascade of Decisions.
  • The Pros of Hyphenated Surnames.
  • The Cons: Not Just a Name.

Can you have two last names without hyphenating them?

Can you legally have two last names without a hyphen? Pretty self-explanatory as it's similar to hyphenating but without the hyphen. This method will allow you to go by either last name interchangeably. You'll still need to sign all paperwork with both last names since it's considered your legal last name.

Do you legally have to have two names?

You can also only legally use one surname at a time, but you can hyphenate and double-barrel your surname to get around this rule. This is often what happens when people get married and want to incorporate both names. However, you are entirely free to abandon the use of your surname if you so wish.

Can I use a different last name without legally changing it?

You can call yourself anything you like, as long as you don't have fraudulent intent. The problem lies in getting people to go along with it. Without a legal name change, your given name won't match your ID, so no benefits or employer-provided insurance.

What is the #1 last name in the world?

The most common surname in the world is Wang (王), a Chinese name meaning "king" or "prince," shared by over 100 million people, mainly in China, due to its royal associations and large population base. Other extremely common surnames include Li (李) and Zhang (张), also Chinese, followed by names like Nguyen (Vietnamese) and Smith (English), though global rankings can vary slightly by source.
 

Is hyphenating a last name disrespectful?

No, hyphenating a last name is generally not considered disrespectful; it's a personal choice for couples to honor both families, create a shared identity, or maintain individual names, and it's viewed as a modern, valid option rather than a slight to tradition or a partner, though it might require explaining the choice to some people. The key is open communication with your partner, as disagreements about names often signal deeper issues, but the act itself is a way to blend identities. 

Is there a person with no last name?

A mononym may be the person's only name, given to them at birth. This was routine in most ancient societies, and remains common in modern societies such as in Afghanistan, Bhutan, some parts of Indonesia (especially by older Javanese people), Myanmar, Mongolia, Tibet, and South India.

Is it Lopez's or Lopez's?

It's Lopez's for a single person (e.g., Lopez's car) and the Lopezes' for the whole family (e.g., the Lopezes' house), with Lopezes just being the plural form (e.g., "The Lopezes are coming over"). For singular possessives of names ending in 's', adding just an apostrophe (' Lopez') is also sometimes accepted, but 'Lopez's' is generally preferred or consistent. 

Is it James or James's?

Both James's and James' are generally considered correct for the possessive of the name "James," but James's is often preferred in modern U.S. style guides like Chicago Manual of Style, while James' might be used in AP style or for classical names; the key is consistency in your writing, as some sources say to add 's for all singular nouns ending in s, while others allow just an apostrophe for names. 

Which is correct, Smiths or Smith's?

Use The Smiths (plural) for the family name (e.g., "The Smiths are coming over") and The Smith's (singular possessive) only to show one person's ownership (e.g., "the Smith's house") or The Smiths' (plural possessive) for the whole family's possession (e.g., "the Smiths' house"), so for general use like on holiday cards, The Smiths is correct.
 

Which last name goes first when you have two?

Generally, there are no set rules or etiquette when it comes to deciding exactly how your hyphenated last name will read. You can go the "traditional" route and list your maiden name first, or you could choose to list your new last name first, followed by your original last name.

Why do people combine last names?

A Way to Honor Both Families

For many couples, it can feel unfair to leave one family's name behind. By combining last names, you're honoring both families equally and creating a new legacy together.

What is a hybrid last name?

Hybrid names

You can create a new surname for both of you by combining elements of your old surnames. For example, Mr Smith and Miss Jones might become Mr & Mrs Smones or Mr & Mrs Joth. Longer names tend to work better as they give more options.